In the United States, at least one in four children is exposed to the problem drinking behavior of at least one parent. The growing body of clinical and research literature suggests that children who reside with drug dependent parents experience a myriad of deleterious outcomes, such as an elevated risk of non-medical drug use. The research results are mixed, however, concerning psychiatric disturbances in children with alcoholic parents. The current study relied on data gathered for the 1995 and 1996 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (NHSDA); participants for the current study were 1,729 parent-child pairs living in the same household. The children completed an adapted version of Achenbach’s Youth Self-Report and parents were questioned about their alcohol problems using an adapted version of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule. The analysis compared the specific mental health problems of adolescent children living with an actively alcohol dependent parent (AD+ children) with the mental health problems of a group of control children not living with an alcohol dependent parent (AD- children). It was hypothesized that the most prominent differences between the AD+ children and AD- children would be in externalizing symptoms. Results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the AD+ children had higher delinquency and aggressive behavior scores as compared with the control group. Results of multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), which included five sociodemographic variables, confirmed the higher level of delinquency in AD+ children, but failed to confirm the finding of higher levels of aggressive behavior in AD+ children. Once delinquency was held constant, similar patterns of association for the internalizing symptoms were not found. Thus, the findings indicate that, overall, AD+ children have more delinquency problems than adolescents without alcohol dependent parents. Future research should focus on other family environment, parental, and child characteristics that help illuminate the pathways that link parental alcohol dependence to behavioral outcomes in children. Tables, references