An operational definition for "police discretion" is "an official action taken by a criminal justice official based on the individual's judgment about the best course of action." This decisionmaking process involves value judgments, situational factors, personality characteristics (both officer and offenders), available resources, political climate, geography, and departmental policy. Some situational factors that influence a police officer's decision about whether or not to make an arrest are the seriousness of the crime, the strength of the evidence, the preference of the victim, the relationship between the victim and the suspect, and the suspect's demeanor. The improper use of discretion can have negative and even illegal consequences, including the denial of due process and equal protection under the law, the undermining of police-community relations, and the creation of dangerous working conditions for police officers. The use of police discretion to divert juveniles from formal juvenile justice processing is most likely to be effective when backed by referral resources that address the problem behaviors that occasioned police contact with the youth. This chapter describes particular programs that illustrate how police can interact with community resources (schools, neighborhood activists, religious leaders, child protection advocates, etc.) to improve discretionary decisionmaking, reduce youth violence, and improve police-juvenile community relations. The programs profiled are the School Resource Officer Program, the Juvenile Aid Bureau Program, the G.R.E.A.T. Program, and the Operation Ceasefire Program. Separate sections of the chapter are devoted to gangs and police responses to them, the work of school resource officers, specialized police training for dealing with youth-related problems, and policies and youth programs that work. 23 references