The guidance in this handbook was based on previous research on THB in the participating countries, an analysis of the European Legal Framework, and on discussions and analyses made during the June 2005 meeting of the Steering Committee. Part 1 focuses on background information about THB and recommendations for the prosecution of THB cases. Chapter 1 reviews the legislation pertaining to THB in the seven participating countries, with a focus on how THB legislation compares and interacts with legislation on smuggling and on organized crime. Chapter 2 focuses on national and international cooperation and mutual assistance in combating and prosecuting THB cases. Recommendations and potential obstacles for international cooperation are outlined and case examples are presented that illustrate good practice in international cooperation. Chapter 3 addresses the protection of THB victims, comparing regulations on the protection and assistance of THB victims in the seven countries and highlighting the dilemmas pertaining to the role of the victim as a THB case witness. Chapter 4 considers the psychological motives underlying the behavior of THB victims while chapter 5 presents a brief plea for including a consideration of the financial aspects of THB in any THB case assessment. Part 2 of the handbook contains practical information for judicial authorities, including contact information for specialized police and prosecution departments in the seven participating countries and addresses of shelters for victims of THB. An outline of the work of Eurojust is also presented as a possible instrument for international mutual legal assistance. Annexes contain the program for the pilot training workshop held in September 2005, provisions of the THB, and the convention on mutual assistance in criminal matters between European Union member states. Tables, footnotes, annexes, index