THE HISTORY OF PUNISHMENT AND TREATMENT OF OFFENDERS IS TRACED FROM THE EARLIEST FORMS OF INCARCERATION AND COMMUNITY-BASED FACILITIES, TO THE DIFFERENTIATION OF CONTEMPORARY INSTITUTIONS. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PUNITIVE, CUSTODIAL INSTITUTION AND THE TRADITIONAL THERAPY-CENTERED INSTITUTION ARE EXAMINED, WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS PLACED ON THE MODIFICATION OF THE CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION TO ACCOMMODATE THE REINTEGRATION GOAL. COMMUNITY CORRECTIONS IS VIEWED FROM THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE PERSPECTIVE STRESSING THE ROLE OF THE COURTS, PROBATION, PAROLE, COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT IN CRIME PREVENTION, WORK RELEASE, FURLOUGHS, AND OFFENDER INVOLVEMENT IN COMMUNITY PROGRAMS. THE BOOK EXPLORES THE QUESTION OF EVALUATION AND RESEARCH IN COMMUNITY AND INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTIONS, AND SURVEYS SEVERAL ONGOING PROGRAMS. A 31-PAGE BIBLIOGRAPHY AND AN INDEX ARE INCLUDED. (AUTHOR ABSTRACT)