FOLLOWING AN OVERVIEW OF THE THEORETICAL DEVELOPMENT OF CRIMINOLOGY AND ITS FUTURE DIRECTIONS, ISSUES, AND PRIORITIES, THE INADEQUACY OF EXISTING CRIMINOLOGICAL PARADIGMS IS DISCUSSED, ALONG WITH THE FAILURE OF CRIMINOLOGICAL RESEARCH TO REDUCE CRIME OR ACHIEVE JUSTICE IN SOCIETY. MAJOR SHIFTS IN THE FOCUS OF CRIMINOLOGICAL THEORY ARE NOTED. AN EXAMINATION OF STUDY REPLICATION AND IMPLICATIONS OF FINDINGS OF NONLINEARITY IN CRIME RESEARCH IS PROVIDED. THE FINDINGS OF A CROSS-NATIONAL SURVEY ON THE CRIMINALIZATION AND DECRIMINALIZATION OF DEVIANT BEHAVIOR AND A CIVIL ALTERNATIVE TO THE PROBLEM OF OVERCRIMINALIZING HUMAN CONFLICT ACCOMPANY AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF DETERRENCE THEORY. CRIME-SPECIFIC RESEARCH PROJECTS ARE DETAILED REGARDING DRUG USE AND THE STRUCTURE OF HOMICIDE IN TWO U.S. CITIES AND THE STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF FRAUD. VICTIMOLOGY IS DISCUSSED, WITH ATTENTION TO THE THEORY AND POLITICS OF VICTIMOLOGY AND GENERAL ASPECTS OF THE PROCESS OF VICTIMIZATION. POSSIBLE PITFALLS OF USING DIVERSION AS A FORM OF DECRIMINALIZATION, THE EFFECTS OF DISENCHANTMENT WITH THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM ON WITNESS AVAILABILITY, AND PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE RESEARCH ON RAPE VICTIMOLOGY ARE CONSIDERED. THE STATE OF PRETRIAL JUSTICE IN THE U.S. IS DISCUSSED IN TERMS OF THE PRESUMPTION OF INNOCENCE AND THE ROLE AND FUNCTION OF THE AMERICAN JAIL. FINALLY, THE CRITERIA FOR AND INFLUENCES ON PAROLE BOARD DECISIONMAKING ARE EXAMINED, FOLLOWED BY AN EXAMPLE OF INTERDISCIPLINARY EFFORTS IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE PLANNING. AN INDEX AND TABULAR PRESENTATIONS ARE INCLUDED. REFERENCES ARE NOTED AT THE CLOSE OF EACH CHAPTER. SEE ALSO NCJ-43948, 44199, AND 47563-47578. (KBL)