THIS COUNTRY-BY-COUNTRY SURVEY OF CONFLICT PUTS THE MAIN EMPHASIS ON REVOLUTIONARY CHALLENGES TO THE INTERNAL SECURITY OF STATES, BUT IT ALSO COVERS NONREVOLUTIONARY CHALLENGES (FOR INSTANCE, THOSE MADE BY ETHNIC OR RELIGIOUS MOVEMENTS WITH LITTLE OR NO CONCERN FOR SOCIAL CHANGE), ESPECIALLY WHERE THESE LEND THEMSELVES TO EXPLOITATION BY OUTSIDE POWERS. ONLY COUNTRIES IN WHICH SIGNIFICANT EVENTS OCCURRED DURING 1977-1978 ARE INCLUDED. GROUPED BY CONTINENT, THE ARTICLES EXAMINE COMMUNIST ADVANCES IN WESTERN EUROPE, INSTABILITY IN THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN, THE STATUS OF COMMUNIST EUROPE, THE EMERGENCE OF OPEN DISSENT IN EASTERN EUROPE, THE HUMAN RIGHTS ISSUE IN LATIN AMERICA, CANADA'S SEPARATISTS MOVEMENT, CUBA'S AFRICAN INITIATIVES, DOMESTIC STRIFE IN JAMAICA, SOVIET INTERVENTION IN AFRICA, THE CONTINUING MIDDLE EAST CONFLICT, THE AFTERMATH OF ELECTIONS IN SOUTHERN ASIA, THE POST-MAO NATIONAL UNITY PUSH IN MAINLAND CHINA, FEARS OF A U.S. POWER VACUUM IN BOTH SOUTH AND NORTHEAST ASIA, UNREST IN THE INDIAN OCEAN ISLAND NATIONS OF COMOROS AND SEYCHELLES, AND INTERNAL UNREST IN AUSTRALIA, SPECIFICALLY SUBVERSIVE, REVOLUTIONARY, POLITICAL, AND RELIGIOUS EXTREMIST AGITATION, TRADE UNION AND CROATIAN SEPARATIST ACTIVISM, AND ABORIGINE AND ANTIMINING PROTEST MOVEMENTS. CHRONOLOGIES OF EVENTS ARE PROVIDED FOR EACH COUNTRY, ALONG WITH ASSORTED GEOGRAPHIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC DATA. A CHRONOLOGY OF EAST-WEST TRADE UNION MEETING DURING 1977-1978 IS APPENDED, AS IS A SHORT TREATISE ON THE MARXIST LEANINGS OF BRITISH LABOR GROUPS. NO INDEX IS PROVIDED. (KBL)