The facility needs of a court system must be met through systematic, comprehensive planning that takes the system's users into account and is directed by formulated guidelines. Determinants of court facility needs include caseload and jurisdictional changes, such as population increases, a greater volume of crime, or State constitutional changes. Common facility problems are insufficient space, inadequate security, and lack of systemwide planning. Developing a planning capability requires an ability to view courts as a system and distinguish between functions and operations. A planning strategy should assess needs, outline proposed action, and institute a comprehensive planning program, allocating resources and anticipating future needs. Caseload forecasts can help project facility needs, and evaluation checklists provide documentation for assessments. Security considerations include accessibility to courtroom users; separate traffic systems for prisoners, public, staff, and jury; and technological security aids. Planners should also be aware of the importance of courthouse design in a historical perspective. The courthouses in Morris County, N.J., and Mercer County, Ky., are examples of refurbished older structures whose improved facilities do not detract from the traditional architecture. Several planning aids are provided, including sample checklists of courthouse spaces and areas, an ideal accessibility plan, and sketches of the Morris and Mercer County courtrooms.