Skip to main content skip navigation
  • Account
    • Login
    • Manage
  • Subscribe
    • JUSTINFO
    • Register
  • Shopping Cart
  • Contact Us
    • Email
    • Feedback
    • Chat
    • Phone or Mail
  • Site Help
National Criminal Justice Reference Service
Office of Justice Programs header with links to bureaus/offices: BJA, BJS, NIJ, OJJDP, OVC, SMART Office of Justice Programs BJA BJS NIJ OJJDP OVC SMART Office of Justice Programs
Advanced Search  Search Help
    Browse By Topics  down arrow
  • A–Z Topics
  • Corrections
  • Courts
  • Crime
  • Crime Prevention
  • Drugs
  • Justice System
  • Juvenile Justice
  • Law Enforcement
  • Victims
CrimeSolutions
Add your conference to our Justice Events calendar
  • ABOUT NCJRS
  • OJP PUBLICATIONS
  • LIBRARY
  • SEARCH Q & A
  • GRANTS & FUNDING
  • JUSTICE EVENTS
Home / Publications / NCJRS Abstract

PUBLICATIONS

Register for Latest Research

Stay Informed
Register with NCJRS to receive NCJRS's biweekly e-newsletter JUSTINFO and additional periodic emails from NCJRS and the NCJRS federal sponsors that highlight the latest research published or sponsored by the Office of Justice Programs.

NCJRS Abstract

The document referenced below is part of the NCJRS Virtual Library collection. To conduct further searches of the collection, visit the Virtual Library. See the Obtain Documents page for direction on how to access resources online, via mail, through interlibrary loans, or in a local library.

1 record(s) found

 

NCJ Number: 185270 Find in a Library
Title: Promised Land: A Study of Trafficking in Women from Central and Eastern Europe to the Netherlands
Journal: European Journal on Crminal Policy and Research  Volume:8  Issue:3  Dated:September 2000  Pages:379-388
Author(s): Judith Vocks; Jan Nijboer
Date Published: September 2000
Annotation: This study on trafficking in women from Central and Eastern Europe to the Netherlands explores the contextual factors, the characteristics, and the motivation of victims as well as the methods of traffickers.
Abstract: In a communication from the European Commission (1998), trafficking is defined as "transport of women from third countries into the European Union for the purpose of sexual exploitation." Some women enter legally, others illegally. A further distinction can be made between victims who are forced to work as prostitutes and women who initially consented to become employed in the prostitution business. The essence of victimization in trafficking is that in this process women are forced into prostitution by means of coercion, violence, deceit, or psychological pressure, with basic human rights being violated. The fact that someone may have consented to work in prostitution does not mean that she/he may be held under conditions that resemble modern slavery. A combination of rational choice theory, strain theory, and social control theory forms the theoretical framework for this research. Based on information from experts in the field, interviews with victims, questionnaires, a study of dossiers, and a search of the literature, this study developed a typology of victims, which may be helpful for prevention and law enforcement. Findings show that most of the women victims are between 18 and 23 years old, single, and without children. Three out of four had a problematic relationship with either one or both parents, more often with the father; however, at the time of the recruitment, many women were living with their parents, on whom they were financially dependent. A large number of victims had already worked as prostitutes, and more than 50 percent knew that they would have to work in the sex industry. Most victims, at some point in time, made the decision to place their future in the hands of traffickers. Economic motives were decisive for most. The traffickers look for women in their circle of friends in cafes, bars, or prostitution establishments. Exploiters use a wide variety of means to control victims, especially those without experience in prostitution; they are restrained from contacting the police or counseling agencies. More efficient preventive and law enforcement measures depend on recognizing the differences between types of victims. A preventive strategy should focus on the reduction of strain factors and an improvement in social integration for those categories of women most at risk for trafficking. 15 references
Main Term(s): Female victims
Index Term(s): Europe; Netherlands; Prostitution; Prostitution across international borders; Prostitution causes
Publisher: http://www.kluweronline.nl 
Page Count: 10
Format: Article
Type: Report (Study/Research)
Language: English
Country: Netherlands
To cite this abstract, use the following link:
http://www.ncjrs.gov/App/publications/abstract.aspx?ID=185270

*A link to the full-text document is provided whenever possible. For documents not available online, a link to the publisher's website is provided. Tell us how you use the NCJRS Library and Abstracts Database - send us your feedback.




Find in a Library

You have clicked Find in a Library. A title search of WorldCat, the world's largest library network, will start when you click "Continue." Here you will be able to learn if libraries in your community have the document you need. The results will open in a new browser and your NCJRS session will remain active for 30 minutes. Learn More.

You have selected:

This article appears in

In WorldCat, verify that the library you select has the specific journal volume and issue in which the article appears. Learn How.

Continue to WorldCat

You are about to access WorldCat, NCJRS takes no responsibility for and exercises no control over the WorldCat site.

 
Office of Justice Programs Facebook Page  Twitter Page
  • Bureau of Justice Assistance Facebook Page Twitter Page
  • Bureau of Justice Statistics Twitter Page
  • National Institute of Justice Facebook Page Twitter Page
  • Office for Victims of Crime Facebook Page Twitter Page
  • Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Facebook Page Twitter Page
  • Office of Sex Offender Sentencing, Monitoring, Apprehending, Registering, and Tracking Facebook Page Twitter Page
Contact Us | Feedback | Site Map
Freedom of Information Act | Privacy Statement | Legal Policies and Disclaimers
USA.gov | CrimeSolutions
Department of Justice | Office of Justice Programs