NCJ Number:
43734
Title:
ABOLISH PAROLE?
Author(s):
A VON HIRSCH; K J HANRAHAN
Corporate Author:
Ctr for Policy Research United States of America
Date Published:
1978
Page Count:
61
Sponsoring Agency:
Ctr for Policy Research Denver, CO 80218 National Institute of Justice/ Rockville, MD 20849 Superintendent of Documents, GPO Washington, DC 20402 US Dept of Justice US Dept of Justice NIJ Pub Washington, DC 20531
Grant Number:
76-NI-0038
Sale Source:
Superintendent of Documents, GPO Washington, DC 20402 United States of America National Institute of Justice/ NCJRS paper reproduction Box 6000, Dept F Rockville, MD 20849 United States of America
Document:
PDF
Language:
English
Country:
United States of America
Annotation:
VARIOUS ASPECTS OF PAROLE REFORM ARE EXAMINED, WITH ATTENTION TO MORAL ARGUMENTS, JUST DESERT MODELS, INSTITUTIONAL PROBLEMS, AND PAROLE DECISIONMAKING.
Abstract:
THIS IS A SUMMARY OF A REPORT THAT ATTEMPTED TO GAUGE THE FOLLOWING ISSUES: (1) THE EXTENT TO WHICH THE DEFECTS OF THE PAROLE SYSTEM ARE REMEDIABLE; (2) WHETHER PAROLE CAN BE JUSTIFIED ON GROUNDS OTHER THAN REHABILITATION OR PREDICTION; (3) WHETHER ALL THE VARIOUS FUNCTIONS OF PAROLE ARE USELESS, OR WHETHER SOME SHOULD BE RETAINED; AND (4) THE AVAILABILITY OF ALTERNATIVES TO PAROLE AND THE PROBLEMS POSED BY THOSE ALTERNATIVES. PROBLEMS UNDERLYING PAROLE'S CENTRAL ROLE IN THE SENTENCING AND CORRECTIONAL SYSTEMS ARE DISCUSSED, WITH EMPHASIS ON THE MORAL ASSUMPTIONS PRIMARY TO SENTENCING AND CORRECTIONS, INCLUDING REHABILITATION, INCAPACITATION, DETERRENCE, AND THE PRINCIPLE OF COMMENSURATE DESERTS. THE SALIENT FEATURES OF THE DESERTS MODEL SANCTIONING SCHEME ARE DETAILED. THE TIMING OF PAROLE RELEASE IS DISCUSSED, INCLUDING EARLY AND LATE TIME-FIXING, TIME-FIXING UNDER THE DESERT MODEL, AND TIME-FIXING UNDER THE MODIFIED DESERT MODEL WITH PARTICULAR ATTENTION TO PREDICTION, REHABILITATION, AND GENERAL DETERRENCE. TIME-FIXING ENCOMPASSES NOTIFYING AN INMATE AT SENTENCING OR SHORTLY THEREAFTER OF THE PROBABLE DATE OF RELEASE. THAT DATE SUBSEQUENTLY CAN BE CHANGED ONLY WHEN SPECIFIED CIRCUMSTANCES INTERVENE. TIME-FIXING AND INSTITUTIONAL PROBLEMS ARE DISCUSSED, INCLUDING OVERCROWDING AND DISCIPLINE. PAROLE DECISIONMAKING IS EXAMINED IN TERMS OF THE LEGISLATURE AS THE STANDARD SETTER, THE PAROLE BOARD AS THE STANDARD SETTER, THE ROLE OF SENTENCING COMMISSIONS, AND WHETHER CERTAIN LEGISLATIVE CHANGES NECESSARILY DICTATE THE ABOLITION OF THE PAROLE BOARD. FINALLY PAROLE SUPERVISION IS CONSIDERED. PAROLE AS A SEPARATE ADJUDICATIVE SYSTEM IS DISCUSSED REGARDING LOWER STANDARDS OF PROOF, STANDARDS OF DISPOSITION, PREHEARING DETENTION, AND THE ABOLITION OF THE SEPARATE SYSTEM. CONVENTIONAL PAROLE SUPERVISION IS DISCUSSED IN TERMS OF THRESHOLD CRITERIA FOR EFFECTIVE PAROLE SUPERVISION AND DESERTS CONSTRAINT. THE QUESTION OF WHETHER THE PAROLE SUPERVISION SYSTEM CAN BE REFORMED IS EXAMINED, WITH EMPHASIS ON RATIONALITY, EFFECTIVENESS, THE CONSTRAINTS OF DESERT, THE EFFECT OF ELIMINATING THE REVOCATION SANCTION, ALTERNATIVE SANCTIONS, AND THE CONTENT AND SCOPE OF REFORMED SUPERVISION. PAROLEE SERVICES ARE DISCUSSED IN TERMS OF NEEDS FULFILLMENT AND WHETHER THERE SHOULD BE ANY COMPULSION FOR EX-OFFENDERS TO ACCEPT SUCH SERVICES. REFERENCES ARE FOOTNOTED. SEE ALSO NCJ-44641.
Index Term(s):
Deterrence; Models; Parole; Parole conditions; Parolees rights; Probation or parole decisionmaking; Probation or parole services; Reform; Rehabilitation; Sentencing commissions; Sentencing/Sanctions; Theory
Note:
CRIMINAL JUSTICE PERSPECTIVES
To cite this abstract, use the following link: http://www.ncjrs.gov/App/publications/abstract.aspx?ID=43734