VARIOUS METHODS - SUCCESSFUL AND UNSUCCESSFUL - WHICH HAVE BEEN USED TO TRY TO CONTAIN CRIME ARE DISCUSSED IN THE OPENING SECTION ON THE PURPOSES OF PENAL SANCTIONS. THE OPTIMISM OF THE 1950'S IS DISCARDED AND A NEW LOOK AT OLD IDEOLOGIES IS GIVEN. THE SECTION ON POLICE CONTAINS STUDIES ON THE PERSONALITY OF LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS AND THE PROBLEMS THEIR ISOLATION FROM THE COMMUNITY MAY CAUSE. A COMPARISON IS MADE OF BRITISH AND AMERICAN POLICE. THE KANSAS CITY PREVENTIVE PATROL EXPERIMENT IS DESCRIBED. POLICE DISCRETION, BRUTALITY, AND POLICE AND POLICTICAL CORRUPTION ARE ALSO EXAMINED. THE COURT PROCESS IS DISCUSSED, BEGINNING WITH PROBLEMS OF PROSECUTION, NEGOTIATED PLEAS, RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DIVERSION, SENTENCING, AND PAROLE CONSIDERATIONS. A CHAPTER STUDIES RACE, JUDICIAL DISCRETION, AND THE DEATH PENALTY. THIS REVISED EDITION CONTAINS A NEW SECTION ON TORTURE WITH MATERIAL SUPPLIED BY AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL AND THE 1975 UNITED NATIONS RESOLUTION ON TORTURE. AN INDEX IS PROVIDED.