Appendix C
 
Bias Crimes Statutes and Related Provisions Nationwide
 
Compiled by the Massachusetts Office of The Attorney General, Civil Rights
Division, October 1997. Reprinted with permission.

Alabama
Ala. Code  13A-5-13 (Penalty Enhancement) (1993)
Ala. Code  13A-11-12 (Institutional Vandalism, Desecration of Religious
Institutions) (1977)

Alaska
Alaska Stat.  12.55.155 (Penalty Enhancement) (1996)

Arizona
Ariz. Rev. Stat. Ann.  13-1604 (Institutional Vandalism, Desecration of
Religious Institutions) (1994)
Ariz. Rev. Stat. Ann.  13-1702 (Penalty Enhancement) (1997)
Ariz. Rev. Stat. Ann.  41-1750 (Data Collection) (1991)
Ariz. Rev. Stat. Ann.  41-1822 (Training Law Personnel) (1991)

Arkansas
Ark. Code Ann.  5-71-207 (Disturbing Religious Worship) (1975)
Ark. Code Ann.  5-71-215 (Institutional Vandalism and Desecration of
Religious Institutions) (1993)
Ark. Code Ann.  16-123-105 (Civil Action, Private, Damages) (1995)
Ark. Code Ann.  16-123-106 (Civil Action, Private, Damages and
Injunction) (1993)
Ark. Code Ann.  16-123-107 (Civil Action, Private, Damages and
Injunction) (1995)

California
Cal. Civil Code  52 (Civil Action, Private and Attorney General, Damages
and Injunction) (1994)
Cal. Penal Code  51.7 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with Categories)
(1994)
Cal. Penal Code  136.2 (Stay Away Order once criminal charges filed)
(1996)
Cal. Penal Code  302 (Disturbing Religious Worship) (1994)
Cal. Penal Code  422.6 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with Categories
and Institutional Vandalism) (1994)
Cal. Penal Code  422.75 (Penalty Enhancement) (1995)
Cal. Penal Code  422.9 (Violation of Civil Injunction is a Criminal Penalty)
(1987)
Cal. Penal Code  422.95 (Sensitivity Training) (1995)
Cal. Penal Code  594.3 (Institutional Vandalism and Desecration of Religious
Institutions) (1983)
Cal. Penal Code  11410 (Declaration of Purpose for Criminal Sanctions)
Cal. Penal Code  11411 (Cross Burning) (1991)
Cal. Penal Code  11412 (Obstructing Exercise of Religion) (1984)
Cal. Penal Code  1170.75 (Penalty Enhancement) (1994)
Cal. Penal Code  13519.6 (Data Collection and Training Law Personnel)
(1992)

Colorado
Colo. Rev. Stat.  18-9-113 (Institutional Vandalism and Desecration of
Religious Institutions) (1991)
Colo. Rev. Stat.  18-9-121 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with
Categories and Institutional Vandalism) (1988)

Connecticut
Conn. Gen. Stat.  29-7m (Data Collection) (1987)
Conn. Gen. Stat.  33-37 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with Categories)
(1949)
Conn. Gen. Stat.  46a-58 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with Categories,
Cross Burning, and Desecration of Religious Institutions) (1984)
Conn. Gen. Stat.  46a-64 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with
Categories--Public Accommodation Discrimination) (1990)
Conn. Gen. Stat.  46a-64c (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with
Categories--Housing Discrimination) (1992)
Conn. Gen. Stat.  52-571(a) (Civil Action, Private, Injunction) (1993)
Conn. Gen. Stat.  52-571(c) (Civil Action, Private, Damages) (1995)
Conn. Gen. Stat.  53-37(a) (Mask or Hood Wearing) (1982)
Conn. Gen. Stat.  53-37(b) (Independent Criminal Civil Rights without
Categories) (1993)
Conn. Gen. Stat.  53a-40a (Penalty Enhancement) (1990)
Conn. Gen. Stat.  53a-181b (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with
Categories and Institutional Vandalism) (1990)
Conn. Gen. Stat.  562-251b (Civil Action, Private, Damages) (1984)

Delaware
De. Code Ann. tit. 11,  304 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights without
Categories and Independent Criminal Civil Rights with Categories) (1997)
De. Code Ann. tit. 11,  805 (Cross Burning) (1993)
De. Code Ann. tit. 11,  1301(1)(g) (Mask Wearing) (1953)
De. Code Ann. tit. 11,  4209(e)(1)(v) (Penalty Enhancement--Aggravating
Circumstance in Death Penalty Statute) (1995)

District of Columbia
D.C. Code Ann.  22-3112.2 (Cross-Burning and Desecration of Religious
Institutions) (1983)
D.C. Code Ann.  22-3112.3 (Mask Wearing) (1983)
D.C. Code Ann.  22-4001 (Defines Bias-Related Crimes)
D.C. Code Ann.  22-4002 (Data Collection) (1990)
D.C. Code Ann.  22-4003 (Penalty Enhancement) (1990)
D.C. Code Ann.  22-4004 (Civil Action, Private, Damages and Injunction)
(1990)

Florida
Fla. Stat. Ann.  760.51 (Civil Action, Attorney General, Damages and
Injunction) (1994)
Fla. Stat. Ann.  775.085 (Penalty Enhancement and Civil Action, Private,
Damages and Injunction) (1992)
Fla. Stat. Ann.  775.0845 (Penalty Enhancement for Mask Wearing) (1995)
Fla. Stat. Ann.  806.13 (Institutional Vandalism and Desecration of Religious
Institutions) (1995)
Fla. Stat. Ann.  876.17 (Cross Burning, Public Place) (1993)
Fla. Stat. Ann.  876.18 (Cross Burning, Another's Property) (1993)
Fla. Stat. Ann.  877.19 (Data Collection) (1996)

Georgia
Ga. Code Ann.  16-7-26 (Desecration of Religious Institutions) (1968)
Ga. Code Ann.  16-11-37(b)(1) (Cross Burning) (1974)
Ga. Code Ann.  16-11-38 (Mask Wearing) (1968)

Hawaii
Haw. Rev. Stat.  711-1107 (Institutional Vandalism and Desecration of
Religious Institutions) (1993)

Idaho
Idaho Code  67-2915 (Data Collection) (1995)
Idaho Code  18-7301 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with Categories)
(1972)
Idaho Code  18-7901 (Declaration of Purpose for Criminal Sanctions)
(1983)
Idaho Code  18-7902 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with Categories,
Desecration of Religious Institutions, Institutional Vandalism, Cross Burning)
(1983)
Idaho Code  18-7903 (Civil Action, Private, Damages and Injunction) (1983)

Illinois
20 Ill. Comp. Stat. 2605/55a(A)31 (Data Collection and Training Law
Personnel) (1995)
720 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/12-7.1 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with
Categories and Civil Action, Private, Damages and Injunction) (1996)
720 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/21-1.2 (Institutional Vandalism and Desecration of
Religious Institutions) (1994)
730 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/5-5-3.2(a)(10) (Penalty Enhancement) (1996)

Indiana
Ind. Code Ann.  22-9.5-10-1 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with
Categories--Fair Housing) (1993)
Ind. Code Ann.  35-43-1-2 (Institutional Vandalism and Desecration of
Religious Institutions) (1996)

Iowa
Iowa Code  692.15 (Data Collection) (1996)
Iowa Code  708.2C and 229A.2 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with
Categories) (1995)
Iowa Code  712.9 and 729A.2 (Penalty Enhancement) (1992)
Iowa Code  716.6A and 729A.2 (Penalty Enhancement) (1992)
Iowa Code  729.4 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with Categories--Fair
Employment Practices) (1987)
Iowa Code  729.5 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights without Categories,
Institutional Vandalism) (1992)
Iowa Code  729A.1 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with Categories)
(1992)
Iowa Code  729A.4 (Training Law Personnel) (1992)
Iowa Code  729A.5 (Civil Action, Private, Damages and Injunction) (1992)

Kansas
An. Stat. Ann.  21-4003 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with Categories)
(1993)
An. Stat. Ann.  21-4111 (Institutional Vandalism and Desecration of Religious
Institutions) (1994)
An. Stat. Ann.  21-4716 (Penalty Enhancement) (1994)

Kentucky
Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann.  15.331 (Training Law Personnel) (1992)
Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann.  17.1523 (Data Collection) (1992)
Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann.  344.450 (Civil Action, Private, Damages and Injunction)
(1996)
Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann.  525.110 (Institutional Vandalism and Desecration of
Religious Institutions) (1992)

Louisiana
La. Rev. Stat. Ann.  14:107.2 (Penalty Enhancement) (1997)
La. Rev. Stat. Ann.  14:225 (Institutional Vandalism and Desecration of
Religious Institutions) (1984) 
La. Rev. Stat. Ann.  15:1204.2(B)(4) and 1204.4 (Data Collection) (1997)
La. Rev. Stat. Ann.  40:2403(H) (Training Law Personnel) (1997)

Maine
Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 5,  4681 (Civil Action, Attorney General, Injunction,
Violation of Injunction is a Criminal Penalty) (1995)
Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 5,  4682 (Civil Action, Private, Damages and
Injunction, Violation of Injunction is a Criminal Penalty) (1995)
Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 17,  2931 and tit. 5,  4684A (Independent Criminal
Civil Rights with Categories) (1987 and 1993)
Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 17-A,  507 (Institutional Vandalism and Desecration
of Religious Institutions) (1976)
Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 17-A,  507A (Desecration of Religious Institutions-
Cemetery/Burial Ground) (1987)
Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 17-A,  1151(8)(B) (Penalty Enhancement) (1995)
Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 25,  1544 (Data Collection) (1991)

Maryland
Md. Code Ann. art. 27,  470A (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with
Categories, Institutional Vandalism and Desecration of Religious Institutions)
(1994)
Md. Code Ann. art. 88B,  9 (Data Collection) (1992)

Massachusetts
Mass. Gen. Laws Ann. ch. 12,  11H (Civil Action, Attorney General,
Injunction) (1982)
Mass. Gen. Laws Ann. ch. 12,  11I (Civil Action, Private, Damages and
Injunction) (1982)
Mass. Gen. Laws Ann. ch. 12,  11J (Violation of Injunction is a Criminal
Penalty) (1985)
Mass. Gen. Laws Ann. ch. 22C,  33 to 35 (Data Collection) (1991)
Mass. Gen. Laws Ann. ch. 265,  37 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights
without Categories) (1979)
Mass. Gen. Laws Ann. ch. 265,  39 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with
Categories and Diversity Awareness Program) (1997)
Mass. Gen. Laws Ann. ch. 266,  98 (Institutional Vandalism and Desecration
of Religious Institutions) (1960)
Mass. Gen. Laws Ann. ch. 266,  116B (Training Law Personnel) (1991)
Mass. Gen. Laws Ann. ch. 266,  127A (Institutional Vandalism and
Desecration of Religious Institutions) (1989)
Mass. Gen. Laws Ann. ch. 268,  34 (Mask Wearing) (1902)
Mass. Gen. Laws Ann. ch. 272,  38 (Disturbing Religious Worship) (1970)
Mass. Gen. Laws Ann. ch. 272,  98 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with
Categories--Public Accommodations Discrimination) (1970)

Michigan
Mich. Comp. Laws. Ann.  14.101 (Civil Action, Attorney General, Damages
and Injunction) (1970)
Mich. Comp. Laws Ann.  750.147b (Institutional Vandalism, Desecration of
Religious Institutions, Cross Burning, Independent Criminal Civil Rights with
Categories and Civil Action, Private, Damages and Injunction) (1989)
Mich. Comp. Laws Ann.  752.525 (Disturbing Religious Worship) (1994)
Mich. Executive Order (Data Collection) (1996 and 1997)

Minnesota
Minn. Stat. Ann.  363.12 (Declaration of Policy for Criminal Sanctions)
(1993)
Minn. Stat. Ann.  609.2231 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with
Categories) (1989)
Minn. Stat. Ann.  609.28 (Disturbing Religious Worship) (1994)
Minn. Stat. Ann.  609.595 (Institutional Vandalism) (1989)
Minn. Stat. Ann.  609.749(3) (1) (Penalty Enhancement) (1995)
Minn. Stat. Ann.  611A.79 (Civil Action, Private, Injunction and Damages)
(1996)
Minn. Stat. Ann.  626.5531 (Data Collection) (1997)
Minn. Stat. Ann.  626.8451 (Training Law Enforcement) (1993)

Mississippi
Miss. Code Ann.  97-17-39 (Institutional Vandalism and Desecration of
Religious Institutions) (1993)
Miss. Code Ann.  97-35-17 (Disturbing Religious Worship) (1993)
Miss. Code Ann.  99-19-301 and  99-19-307 (Penalty Enhancement)
(1994)

Missouri
Mo. Ann. Stat.  537.523 (Civil Action, Private, Damages and Injunction)
(1988)
Mo. Ann. Stat.  574.085 (Institutional Vandalism and Desecration of
Religious Institutions) (1997)
Mo. Ann. Stat.  574.090 (Penalty Enhancement) (1988)
Mo. Ann. Stat.  574.093 (Penalty Enhancement) (1988)

Montana
Mont. Code Ann.  45-5-221 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with
Categories, Institutional Vandalism, Cross Burning) (1989)
Mont. Code Ann.  45-5-222 (Penalty Enhancement) (1989)
Mont. Code Ann.  49-2-601 and  49-2-602 (Independent Criminal Civil
Rights with Categories--Housing Discrimination) (1993)

Nebraska
Neb. Stat. Ann.  28-101 (Penalty Enhancement and Civil Action, Private,
Damages) (1997)
Neb. LB. 90, 1997 Legislative Session (Data Collection) (1997) 

Nevada
Nev. Rev. Stat. Ann.  41.690 (Civil Action, Private, Damages) (1995)
Nev. Rev. Stat. Ann.  193.1675 (Penalty Enhancement) (1997)
Nev. Rev. Stat. Ann.  201.270 (Disturbing Religious Worship) (1995)
Nev. Rev. Stat. Ann.  206.125 (Institutional Vandalism and Desecration of
Religious Institutions) (1995)
Nev. Rev. Stat. Ann.  207.185 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with
Categories) (1995)

New Hampshire
N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann.  651.6 (Penalty Enhancement) (1995)

New Jersey
N.J. Stat. Ann.  2A:53A-21 (Civil Action, Private and Attorney General,
Damages and Injunction) (1995)
N.J. Stat. Ann.  2C:12-1(b)(6)(e) (Penalty Enhancement) (1995)
N.J. Stat. Ann.  2C:33-4 (Penalty Enhancement) (1995)
N.J. Stat. Ann.  2C:33-9 (Desecration of Religious Institutions) (1979)
N.J. Stat. Ann.  2C:33-10 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights without
Categories) (1995)
N.J. Stat. Ann.  2C:33-11 (Institutional Vandalism and Desecration of
Religious Institutions) (1995)
N.J. Stat. Ann.  2C:44-3 (Penalty Enhancement) (1995)
Attorney General Directive No. 1987-3 (Data Collection) (1987)
N.J. Bias Incident Investigation Standards (Training Law Personnel) (Sept.
1991)

New Mexico
N.M. Stat. Ann.  30-13-1 (Disturbing Religious Worship) (1963)
N.M. Stat. Ann.  30-15-4 (Desecration of Religious Institutions) (1965)

New York
N.Y. Civ. Rights Law  40-c to -d (Independent Criminal Civil Rights without
Categories and with Categories) (1981)
N.Y. Exec. Law 63 (Civil Action, Attorney General, Damages) (1993)
N.Y. Penal Law 240.21 (Disturbing Religious Worship) (1967)
N.Y. Penal Law 240.30 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with Categories)
(1992)

North Carolina
N.C. Gen. Stat.  14-3 (Penalty Enhancement) (1993)
N.C. Gen. Stat.  14-12.12 (Cross Burning) (1967)
N.C. Gen. Stat.  14-12.13 and 14-12.14 (Mask Wearing) (1993)
N.C. Gen. Stat.  14-49 (Institutional Vandalism, Desecration of Religious
Institutions) (1993)
N.C. Gen. Stat.  14-62.2 (Church Burning) (1997)
N.C. Gen. Stat.  14-144 (Institutional Vandalism and Desecration of Religious
Institutions) (1995)
N.C. Gen. Stat.  14-199 (Obstructing Religious Worship) (1993)
N.C. Gen. Stat.  14-401.14 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with
Categories) (1993)
N.C. Gen. Stat.  15A-1340.16 (Penalty Enhancement) (1995)
N.C. Gen. Stat.  15A-1340.16(d) (Penalty Enhancement) (1994)

North Dakota
N.D. Cent. Code  12.1-14-04 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with
Categories) (1973)
N.D. Cent. Code  12.1-14-05 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights without
Categories) (1973)

Ohio
Ohio Rev. Code Ann.  2307.70 (Civil Action, Private, Damages) (1990)
Ohio Rev. Code Ann.  2909.05 (Institutional Vandalism and Desecration of
Religious Institutions - burial) (1993)
Ohio Rev. Code Ann.  2927.11 (Desecration of Religious Institutions) (1986)
Ohio Rev. Code Ann.  2927.12 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with
Categories) (1987)

Oklahoma
Okla. Stat. Ann. tit. 21,  850 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with
Categories, Institutional Vandalism and Data Collection) (1992)
Okla. Stat. Ann. tit. 21,  915 (Disturbing Religious Worship) (1921)
Okla. Stat. Ann. tit. 21,  1765 (Desecration of Religious Institutions) (1921)

Oregon
Or. Rev. Stat.  30.190 (Civil Action, Private, Damages and Injunction)
(1983)
Or. Rev. Stat.  166.155 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with Categories)
(1989)
Or. Rev. Stat.  166.165 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with Categories)
(1989)
Or. Rev. Stat.  166.075 (Institutional Vandalism and Desecration of Religious
Institutions) 1971)
Or. Rev. Stat.  181.550 (Data Collection) (1989)

Pennsylvania
Pa. Cons. Stat., tit. 18,  2710 (Penalty Enhancement) (1982)
Pa. Cons. Stat., tit. 18,  3307 (Institutional Vandalism and Desecration of
Religious Institutions) (1994)
Pa. Cons. Stat., tit. 18,  5509 (Desecration of Religious Institutions)
(1973)
Pa. Cons. Stat., tit 42,  8309 (Civil Action, Private, Damages and Injunction;
Attorney General, Injunction; Violation of an Injunction is a Criminal Penalty)
(1997)
Pa. Cons. Stat., tit. 71,  250 (Data Collection) (1987)

Rhode Island
R.I. Gen. Laws  9-1-35 (Civil Action, Private, Damages and Injunction)
(1985)
R.I. Gen. Laws  11-5-13 (Penalty Enhancement) (1994)
R.I. Gen. Laws  11-11-1 (Disturbing Religious Worship) (1994)
R.I. Gen. Laws  11-42-3 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with Categories)
(1994)
R.I. Gen. Laws  11-44-31 (Institutional Vandalism and Desecration of
Religious Institutions) (1986)
R.I. Gen. Laws  11-53-1 (Declaration of Purpose for Criminal Sanctions)
(1994)
R.I. Gen. Laws  11-53-2 (Cross Burning) (1994)
R.I. Gen. Laws  11-53-3 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with Categories)
(1983)
R.I. Gen. Laws  42-28-46 (Data Collection) (1994)
R.I. Gen. Laws  42-28.2-8.1 (Training Law Personnel) (1993)

South Carolina
S.C. Code Ann.  16-5-10 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights without
Categories) (1994)
S.C. Code Ann.  16-17-520 (Disturbing Religious Worship) (1962)
S.C. Code Ann.  16-17-560 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with
Categories-Political Rights/Opinions) (1994)
S.C. Code Ann.  16-17-600 (Desecration of Religious Institutions) (1994)

South Dakota
S.D. Codified Laws Ann.  22-19B-1 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with
Categories and Institutional Vandalism) (1993)
S.D. Codified Laws Ann.  22-19B-2 (Cross Burning) (1993)
S.D. Codified Laws Ann.  22-19B-3 (Civil Action, Private, Damages) (1993)
S.D. Codified Laws Ann.  22-27-1 (Disturbing Religious Worship) (1976)

Tennessee
Tenn. Code Ann.  4-21-701 (Civil Action, Private, Damages) (1990)
Tenn. Code Ann.  39-17-309 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights without
Categories, Institutional Vandalism, Mask Wearing) (1990)
Tenn. Code Ann.  39-17-311 (Desecration of Religious Institutions) (1989)

Texas
Tex. Gov. Code Ann.  411.046 (Data Collection) (1991)
Tex. Penal Code Ann.  12.47 and Tex. Code Crim. Proc. art. 42.014
(Penalty Enhancement) (1993)
Tex. Penal Code Ann.  28.03 (Institutional Vandalism and Desecration of
Religious Institutions) (1994)

Utah
Utah Stat. Ann.  76-3-203.3 (Penalty Enhancement) (1992)
Utah Stat. Ann.  76-6-106 (Institutional Vandalism) (1996)
Utah Stat. Ann.  76-6-107 (Institutional Vandalism) (1996)

Vermont
VT. Stat. Ann. tit. 13,  1455 (Penalty Enhancement) (1990)
VT. Stat. Ann. tit. 13,  1456 (Cross Burning) (1990)
VT. Stat. Ann. tit. 13,  1457 (Civil Action, Private, Damages and Injunction)
(1990)

Virginia
Va. Code Ann.  8.01-42-1 (Civil Action, Private, Damages and Injunction)
(1988)
Va. Code Ann.  18.2-57 (Penalty Enhancement) (1997)
Va. Code Ann.  18.2-127 (Desecration of Religious Institutions) (1990)
Va. Code Ann.  18.2-138 (Institutional Vandalism) (1990)
Va. Code Ann.  18.2-422 (Mask Wearing) (1986)
Va. Code Ann.  18.2-423 (Cross Burning) (1983)
Va. Code Ann.  52-8.5 (Data Collection) (1988)

Washington
Wash. Rev. Code Ann.  9.61.160 (Threats to Bomb or Injure Religious
Institutions and Public Property) (1977)
Wash. Rev. Code Ann.  9A.36.078 (Declaration of Findings/Policy for
Criminal Sanctions) (1993)
Wash. Rev. Code Ann.  9A.36.080 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with
Categories, Institutional Vandalism and Cross Burning) (1993)
Wash. Rev. Code Ann.  9A.36.083 (Civil Action, Private, Damages) (1993)
Wash. Rev. Code Ann.  36.28A.030 (Data Collection) (1993)
Wash. Rev. Code Ann.  43.101.290 (Training Law Personnel) (1993)

West Virginia
W. Va. Code  5-11-20 (Civil Action, Attorney General, Injunction and Civil
Penalties) (1998)
W. Va. Code  15-2-24(i) (Data Collection) (1977)
W. Va. Code  61-6-13 (Disturbing Religious Worship) (1993)
W. Va. Code  61-6-21 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with Categories
and Penalty Enhancement) (1993)
W. Va. Code  61-6-22 (Mask Wearing) (1993)

Wisconsin
Wis. Stat. Ann.  895.75 (Civil Action, Private, Damages) (1996)
Wis. Stat. Ann.  939.641 (Penalty Enhancement for Mask Wearing) (1996)
Wis. Stat. Ann.  939.645 (Penalty Enhancement) (1996)
Wis. Stat. Ann.  943.012 (Institutional Vandalism and Desecration of
Religious Institutions) (1996)

Wyoming
WY. Stat. Ann.  6-9-102 (Independent Criminal Civil Rights with Categories)
(1982)