Title: NIJ Awards in Fiscal Year 1998. Series: Research in Brief Author: NIJ Published: National Institute of Justice, June 1999 Subject: Program evaluations and funding resources 84 pages 133,000 bytes ------------------------------- This is an ASCII plain-text file. To view this document in its graphic format, download the Adobe Acrobat graphic file available from this Web site or order a print copy from NCJRS at 800-851-3420 (877-712-9279 for TTY users). ------------------------------- U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs National Institute of Justice National Institute of Justice Research in Brief Jeremy Travis, Director June, 1999 NCJ 173932 NIJ Awards in Fiscal Year 1998 Introduction This list presents the grants, interagency and cooperative agreements, contracts, and fellowships awarded by the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) during fiscal year 1998. The awards reflect research, evaluation, training, dissemination, and technical support projects, including those supported by the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 (the Crime Act) and those conducted in partnership with other Federal agencies. An asterisk (*) identifies projects funded under the Crime Act. An annual open solicitation for proposals invites investigators to initiate research and evaluation in broadly defined topic areas; more focused solicitations are issued throughout the year on specific topics and programs, including those emphasized by the Crime Act. How to Find a Grant The awards are listed alphabetically by project title within 15 major subject areas (see table of contents, next page). A detailed index of 75 subject areas is on page 47. Each award lists the title of the project, the principal contact with affiliation, dollar amount, and grant number. For Further Information Visit NIJ on the World Wide Web at http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij for online access to this listing and to learn more about NIJ's research activities. For information regarding the funding opportunities resulting from the 1994 Crime Act, contact the Department of Justice Response Center at 800-421-6770. For information about research conducted under the Crime Act, obtain a copy of Criminal Justice Research Under the Crime Act-- 1995 to 1996 (NCJ 166142) available from the National Criminal Justice Reference Service, P.O. Box 6000, Rockville, MD 20849-6000, 800-851- 3420 or 301-519-5500, http://www.ncjrs.org, or e-mail: askncjrs@ncjrs.org. Office of Justice Programs World Wide Web Site: http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov. National Institute of Justice World Wide Web Site: http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij. ------------------------------- The National Institute of Justice is a component of the Office of Justice Programs, which also includes the Bureau of Justice Assistance, Bureau of Justice Statistics, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, and Office for Victims of Crime. ------------------------------- Contents Corrections Courts Crime Mapping Crime Prevention Drugs and Crime --Drugs and Crime, General --Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring/Drug Use Forecasting Programs --Residential Substance Abuse Treatment Program Information Dissemination and General Support International Crime Policing --Policing, General --Community Policing --Corrections and Law Enforcement Family Support --Locally Initiated Partnerships, Policing --Policing Technology Public Housing and Crime Schools Sentencing Technology Development --Officer Protection and Crime Prevention Technologies --Investigative and Forensic Sciences ----Forensics, General ----DNA 5-Year Plan ----DNA Laboratory Improvement Program --Less-Than-Lethal Incapacitation --Communication and Information Technologies --Training and Simulation Technologies --Counterterrorism Technologies --Program Assessment, Policy and Coordination --Standards and Testing --Technology Assistance ----Technology Assistance, General ----National Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology Centers Victimization and Victim Services Violence --Violence, General --Violence Against Women and Family Violence --Firearms Youth --Youth, General --Gangs Index ------------------------------- Corrections Addressing Sentencing-Related Changes in Correctional Health Care: Building a Researcher-Practitioner Partnership University of Texas Medical Branch Jacques Baillargeon $150,013 98-CE-VX-0022 This project is examining the impact of sentencing-related changes on health care in the Texas Department of Criminal Justice prison system to identify the most common and costly medical conditions; assess health care utilization patterns and associated costs; assess patterns of medication compliance and usage for the most common and costly conditions in the system; and compare disease prevalence in the inmate population to that of the general population. *Baseline Psychopathology in Women's Prison: Its Impact on Institutional Adjustment and Treatment Efficacy University of Virginia Janet Warren $148,457 98-CE-VX-0027 The different types of psychopathology, including personality disorders, that characterize a female prison population are being studied to determine the impact of such disorders on institutional adjustment, inmates' response to treatment and rehabilitation, release decisionmaking, and inmates' readaptation into the community. *Building an Effective Research Collaboration Between the Pennsylvania Department of Corrections and Temple University Temple University Jack R. Greene $159,801 98-CE-VX-0016 This partnership between the Pennsylvania Department of Corrections (DOC) and Temple University is studying the drug and treatment interventions that DOC provides and building a statewide data collection and analysis capacity for future research. Case Classification in Community Corrections: National Survey of the State of the Art University of Cincinnati Edward Latessa $59,559 98-IJ-CX-0008 Researchers are conducting a survey of probation and parole agencies and other community corrections programs and agencies to determine the current state of the art in case classification in community corrections. *Changing Prison Strategies in Response to Violent Offender Incarceration/Truth-in-Sentencing Legislation RAND Corporation Nancy Merritt $178,708 98-CE-VX-0023 Researchers are examining how State and local correctional agencies are adapting their prison management in response to violent offender incarceration and truth-in-sentencing legislation. *Community Jails Statewide Research Consortium University of Alaska, Anchorage Nancy E. Schafter $49,892 98-CE-VX-0014 A research consortium that includes 15 community jails in Alaska is studying the impact of weather, seasonal changes in population, language and cultural differences, and governmental decisions on these isolated institutions; identifying needs; assessing the transferability of successful strategies from one jail to another; and enhancing institutional and community-State relationships. *Crime, Coercion, and Communities: The Unintended Consequences of Removal on Community Organization Urban Institute William J. Sabol $166,827 98-CE-VX-0004 This project will assess the effects of the massive increases in incarceration over the past 15 years, particularly of drug offenders, on the social organization of local communities and on the crime rate and criminal involvement of persons in those communities. Effects of Change Over Time in Numbers and Composition of State Prison Populations on the Level of Crime University of New Mexico Bert Useem $21,551 98-IJ-CX-0085 Using a variety of statistical models, researchers are examining the effects on the level of crime of changes in the size and composition of State prison populations over time. The crime-reducing effects of different levels and strategies of punishment also are being analyzed. Evaluation of the New Mexico Department of Corrections Work-Release Program University of New Mexico Bert Useem $199,816 98-CE-VX-0005 This research is examining the effects of New Mexico's new work program for inmates and parolees on the behavior of inmates and parolees while under correctional supervision and on their recidivism rates. *Evolving Optimum Prison Classification Policies in the Implementation of Truth in Sentencing: A Dynamic Model South Carolina Department of Corrections Lorraine T. Fowler $149,585 98-CE-VX-0025 This project is developing a user-friendly simulation model for evaluating classification options as a new mix of inmates evolves as a result of truth-in-sentencing implementation. *Explaining Instability in the New Mexico Female Prison Population University of New Mexico Gary Lafree $51,458 98-CE-VX-0020 Sources of variation in the size of New Mexico's female prison population are being studied to increase understanding of the determinants of instability and to develop more accurate projections that will improve the predictive validity of the forecasting model. *Georgia Cognitive Skills Experiment: Georgia Board of Pardons and Parole University of Cincinnati Patricia Van Voorhis $143,861 98-CE-VX-0013 The Georgia Cognitive Skills program is being evaluated to assess the integrity of service delivery; determine the program's impact on offender attainments and prison population sizes; identify offender characteristics and program qualities associated with effectiveness; and compare the costs and benefits of the program to alternative sentencing and programming options. *Government Management of Prison Privatization Abt Associates Inc. Terence Dunworth $247,438 98-CE-VX-0002 This study is examining the experiences to date of Federal, State, and local governments in managing private correctional firms that operate adult prisons or jails. Health Status of Soon-To-Be-Released Inmates National Commission on Correctional Health Care Robert Greifinger $500,000 97-IJ-CX-K018 This project is compiling data on the health status, particularly with regard to communicable diseases and mental illnesses, of soon-to-be-released inmates. Interventions for diagnosis and treatment and potential linkages for community followup are being identified. Impact Assessment of Sex Offender Community Notification on Wisconsin Communities Marquette University Richard G. Zevitz $49,972 98-IJ-CX-0015 Researchers are using Wisconsin, which recently enacted a sex offender registration and community notification law, as a case study to examine the ways in which a community is affected when residents are notified using various approaches that a sex offender is living in their neighborhood. *Impact of Incarceration on Crime, Crime Patterns, and Crime Rates University of California, Berkeley Jose Canela-Cacho $149,998 98-CE-VX-0029 In partnership with the California Department of Corrections, researchers are developing a methodology to assess the incapacitation effects of imprisonment on the volume and composition of crime in California. Nighttime Incarceration as an Intermediate Sanction: An Evaluation of the Oklahoma County Program University of Oklahoma Department of Public Safety Thomas E. James $167,114 98-IJ-CX-0011 Researchers are surveying probation and parole agencies, among others, to describe the extent and nature of the use of case classification in community corrections. Administrators of all identified agencies will be asked to report their current use of classification systems, describe their classification systems and procedures, and rate the utility and importance of classification to their operations. A content analysis will also be conducted of existing instruments. *Unintended Consequences of Sentencing Policy: Key Issues in Developing Strategies to Address Long-Term Care Needs Pennsylvania State University Cynthia Massie $131,768 98-CE-VX-0011 Researchers are examining various strategies for providing long-term care to prison inmates in Pennsylvania and are analyzing key issues in the development and implementation of those strategies. Courts Are Hung Juries a Problem? National Center for State Courts Victor Flango $169,588 98-IJ-CX-0048 This project is documenting the frequency of hung juries, comparing the outcome of 1,000 criminal felony cases in 10 sites, identifying the social factors that may affect hung jury rates, and suggesting strategies for decreasing the incidence of hung juries. Community Justice Planning Grant County of Travis, Texas Chriss Wetherington $49,959 98-IJ-CX-0045 Travis County, Texas, is refining its existing community justice initiatives through the development, implementation, and evaluation of an integrated system of community justice. Domestic Violence Courts: Jurisdiction, Organization, Performance Goals, and Measures National Center for State Courts Susan Keilitz $124,170 98-WT-VX-0002 This project is developing the first comprehensive catalog of domestic violence courts in the United States and, with the advice of practitioners and domestic violence professionals, a set of performance goals and related measures. Evaluation of Postadjudication Felony Drug Court University of Florida, Gainesville Ronald L. Akers $22,374 98-IJ-CX-0051 Researchers are evaluating Florida's postadjudication felony drug court to compare the effectiveness of the combination of court-ordered drug treatment and judicial case review. An Evaluation and Review of the Peacemaker Court of the Navajo Nation Temple University Eric Gross $3,990 97-IJ-CX-0039 This research is measuring the efficacy of the Peacemaker Court, including recidivism rates and overall social harmony, and developing a comprehensive computerized information system that will enable administrators to evaluate the effectiveness of court operations. An Evaluation of Safe Streets Now! Justice Research Center Jan Roehl $163,426 98-IJ-CX-0058 Safe Streets Now!, a program based in Oakland, California, that encourages neighborhood residents to curb drug crime through small claims courts, is being evaluated to determine the costs and outcomes of this intervention strategy and its replicability in other neighborhoods. Impact of Community and Legal Context on the Adjudication and Sentencing Process Joint Centers for Justice Studies, Inc. Christopher D. Maxwell $24,973 98-IJ-CX-0023 This study of court adjudication and sentencing processes in multiple jurisdictions is exploring judicial disparities and analyzing the social and demographic conditions of communities in which inequality in criminal processing and punishment is likely to emerge. Increasing Our Understanding of the Recovery Process Through Drug Court Narratives Syracuse University Mary Ann Holmquist $49,608 98-IJ-CX-0041 To increase understanding of the process of recovery from drug addiction among people involved in the criminal justice system, researchers are studying how individual and program characteristics contribute to success or failure. A Review of Specialized Courts: Key Issues in Handling Child Abuse and Neglect Cases Urban Institute Adele Harrell $75,243 97-IJ-CX-0013 This research is examining the issues faced by courts specializing in child abuse and neglect cases and the ways in which those issues have been addressed. Crime Mapping *Assistance in Crime Mapping and Analysis Technology for Enhancing Law Enforcement and Prosecution Coordination Hunter College Victor Goldsmith $63,648 98-LB-VX-0004 Working with the U.S. Attorney's Office, Southern District, the grantee is developing a geographic information system and database, query tools, and related crime analysis methodologies. *Combining Police and Probation Research to Reduce Burglary Arizona State University Vincent Webb $224,118 98-IJ-CX-0059 Researchers are building a shared crime mapping database and providing increased crime analysis capacity to the Phoenix, Arizona, Police Department and the Maricopa County Adult Probation Department for the purpose of reducing burglary. Community Safety Information System Implementation U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division Nancy Sweesy $399,640 98-IJ-CX-A063 This award supports implementation of a geographic information system-based Community Safety Information System in five cities as part of NIJ's Strategic Approaches to Community Safety Initiative. *Crime Hot Spot Forecasting: Modeling and Comparative Evaluation Carnegie Mellon University Wilpen Gorr $200,110 98-IJ-CX-K005 Crime analysis databases are being developed for Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and Rochester, New York, to predict and rank emerging hot spots for enforcement efforts. Crime Mapping Research Center Fellowship Program Julie D. Wartell, Visiting Fellow $90,857 98-LB-VX-0003 A visiting fellow is developing a set of universal core functionality requirements for a training curriculum for the Crime Mapping Research Center, based on the state-of-the-art computerized crime mapping used in law enforcement agencies and in the research community. *Detection and Prediction of Geographical Changes in Crime State University of New York, Buffalo Peter Rogerson $221,520 98-IJ-CX-K008 Researchers are developing models for monitoring the emergence of new centers of criminal activity, predicting the effects of crackdowns, and explaining the nature of crime displacement. *GIS Analysis of the Relationship Between Public Order and More Serious Crime University of Texas, Austin William R. Kelly $147,166 98-IJ-CX-K009 The relationship between public order crime and more serious crime is being explored to determine how the relationship changes over time, the temporal ordering of the association, and patterns of crime migration and displacement in order to develop a model for law enforcement use in mapping out anticipated hot spots. *GITS: Further Analyses Using Orange County's Multijurisdictional Gang Incident Tracking System University of California, Irvine James W. Meeker $103,060 98-IJ-CX-0072 This research is using Orange County's Gang Incident Tracking System (GITS), a database of gang activity in the county from 1994 to the present, to determine the impact of daytime and nighttime curfews on juvenile gang crime and to identify hot spots and their characteristics. Innovative Crime Mapping Techniques and Spatial Analysis: Phase II Hunter College Victor Goldsmith $249,821 97-LB-VX-K013 This collaborative project involving the City University of New York and the New York City Police Department is writing user-friendly interfaces that enable precinct-level analysts to employ spatial analytic tools. *Mapping Crime: Principle and Practice Keith D. Harries $20,000 98-LB-VX-0009 A comprehensive guide is being written for criminal justice practitioners to explain the use of maps in crime analysis and criminal justice policy development. Predictive Methods for Crime Analysis University of Virginia D.E. Brown, Visiting Fellow $139,043 98-LB-VX-0008 A visiting fellow is developing predictive models for identifying hot spots of crime. *Predictive Models for Law Enforcement University of Virginia D.E. Brown, Visiting Fellow $299,940 98-IJ-CX-K010 Predictive models that associate demographic, economic, social, and victim data with the spatial and temporal patterns of criminal events are being developed to enable law enforcement to address criminal activity more proactively. Using a High-Definition Geographic Information System to Enhance Community Policing on College Campuses Temple University George Rengert $248,662 98-IJ-CX-0001 This study is testing the ability of a high-definition geographic information system to enhance community policing on college campuses. Crime Prevention The Children-At-Risk Program: A Study of the Feasibility of a Longer Term Evaluation Urban Institute Adele Harrell $34,431 92-DD-CX-0031 Researchers are conducting a feasibility study to determine whether the sample of youth who participated in the evaluation of the Children-At-Risk program can be located for participation in a longer term study. Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education National Science Foundation Cheryl Eavey $25,000 98-IJ-CX-A050 The Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education is organizing a 2-day conference on racial trends in the United States for researchers, senior government staff, and others interested in racial trends. Does Community Crime Prevention Make a Difference? Illinois Criminal Justice Information Authority Carolyn Rebecca Block $138,067 98-WT-VX-0022 This research is examining whether community participation and efficiency translate into reduction of violence "behind closed doors" and whether neighborly interest in and concern about street crime reduce the risk that intimate violence will escalate over time into serious or life-threatening injury. Effects of Casino Gambling on Crime and Quality of Life in New Casino Jurisdictions University of Nevada, Reno Grant Stitt $252,331 98-IJ-CX-0037 The effects of casino gambling, including changes in crime and quality of life, are being studied in seven communities in which casinos recently have been introduced. Labor Markets and Crime: Criminal Justice Policy and Research Issues Orlando Rodriguez, Visiting Fellow $115,764 98-IJ-CX-0047 This project is exploring the relationship between labor market experiences and crime and the implications for the criminal justice system. *Process Evaluation of Maryland's Hot Spot Communities Program Urban Institute Jeffrey A. Roth $329,237 98-IJ-CX-0029 A process evaluation and an impact analysis are being conducted on the State of Maryland's Hot Spot Communities program. Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods Harvard University Felton J. Earls $2,200,000 93-IJ-CX-K005 This longitudinal study, which is sponsored jointly with the MacArthur Foundation, is collecting data over an 8-year period on 7,000 children and youths from birth to age 18, their families, and their neighborhoods to trace the development of delinquent and criminal behavior patterns, including substance abuse. Drugs and Crime o Drugs and Crime, General Breaking the Cycle Research Demonstration Project University of Alabama, Birmingham L. Foster Cook $2,812,302 96-IJ-CX-0065 This award continues funding for Breaking the Cycle, a systemwide intervention strategy designed to reduce criminality, improve defendants' social functioning, and ensure the efficient use of criminal justice resources through drug testing, treatment, and monitoring. Breaking the Cycle Research Demonstration Project Jacksonville (Florida) Judith A. Truett $3,000,000 98-IJ-CX-K013 This award supports demonstration of Breaking the Cycle, a systemwide intervention strategy designed to reduce criminality, improve defendants' social functioning, and ensure the efficient use of criminal justice resources through drug testing, treatment, and monitoring. Breaking the Cycle Research Demonstration Project Pierce County (Washington) Alliance Dean Wilson $3,000,000 98-IJ-CX-K011 This award supports demonstration of Breaking the Cycle, a systemwide intervention strategy designed to reduce criminality, improve defendants' social functioning, and ensure the efficient use of criminal justice resources through drug testing, treatment, and monitoring. *Classifying Inmates for Strategic Programming Vera Institute of Justice, Inc. Douglas Young $128,240 98-CE-VX-0010 Researchers are developing a classification model for pretrial detainees in the New York City Department of Corrections to predict detainees' lengths of stay and subsequent case outcomes and to improve strategic planning through implementation and evaluation of a new treatment system. Evaluation of a Comprehensive Service-Based Intervention to Reduce Substance Abuse Yale University Denise Stevens $191,718 98-IJ-CX-0053 This research is evaluating an intervention strategy designed to reduce substance use and abuse and its related risk factors among at-risk families living in public housing in New Haven, Connecticut. Evaluation of La Bodega de la Familia: A Family Drug Crisis Center Vera Institute of Justice, Inc. Douglas Young $159,980 98-IJ-CX-0049 Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness of La Bodega de la Familia, a family case management program in Manhattan's Lower East Side that serves families with the dual problems of substance abuse and criminal involvement. A Life Course Model of Career in Crime and Substance Abuse University of Minnesota Christopher Uggen $45,903 98-IJ-CX-0036 This research is examining the effects of employment on drug use and criminal activity to establish well-founded empirical generalizations about work, crime, and drug use. Operation Drug TEST District of Columbia Pretrial Services Agency Gerry Chapman $265,273 98-IJ-CX-A009 This award supports the operation of one site under Model One of Operation Drug TEST, a pretrial drug testing pilot program. PharmChem Drug Testing Laboratory PharmChem Laboratories, Inc. Elizabeth M. Lison $36,000 98-IJ-CX-C010 This contract supports a research program on drug policies and related prevention and treatment services in partnership with a drug testing laboratory. Sacramento Batterer/Drug Intervention Experiment California State University, Sacramento Carole Barnes $99,905 98-IJ-CX-K014 This research is evaluating the Sacramento Sheriff's Batterer/Drug Intervention Program, an early intervention that provides domestic violence education and drug treatment to domestic violence arrestees during their time of detention before going to court, to determine the rates of repeat violence. Why Haven't Drug Prices Risen With Tougher Enforcement? Modeling the Behavior of Drug Markets University of Maryland, College Park Peter Reuter $260,730 98-IJ-CX-0040 In this study of drug markets, researchers are analyzing the decline in heroin and cocaine prices by looking at a variety of cost elements, including risk of imprisonment, risk of injury from other participants, opportunity cost of drug selling labor, impact of user sanctions, and efforts to increase search time. o Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring/Drug Use Forecasting Programs The Drug Use Forecasting (DUF) program, which was expanded into the Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring (ADAM) System in 1997, performs drug tests on samples of arrestees brought to booking facilities at 23 sites. The test findings indicate levels of drug use, determine what drugs are used in specific jurisdictions, and track changes in arrestees' drug use patterns. Dallas ADAM County of Dallas Pat McMillan $7,636 94-IJ-CX-A039 DUF Program: Assistance With Program Operations Aspen Systems Corporation Debra Hoffmaster $152,310 93-IJ-CX-C002 DUF--Washington, D.C. District of Columbia Pretrial Services Agency Kathryn Boyer $9,010 95-IJ-CX-A024 Ft. Lauderdale ADAM Broward County Sheriff's Office Ron Cochran $12,293 94-IJ-CX-A030 Houston ADAM Houston-Galveston Area Council Brett Arkinson $31,965 95-IJ-CX-A008 Indianapolis ADAM Marion County Justice Agency Cindy Mowery $11,554 95-IJ-CX-A013 Los Angeles ADAM University of California, Los Angeles Douglas Anglin $48,157 97-IJ-CX-A007 Manhattan ADAM New York City Department of Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Alcoholism Services Patricia Thomas $39,884 94-IJ-CX-A013 Miami ADAM Miami County Department of Human Services Raphael Martinez $9,734 98-IJ-CX-A012 *Rural ADAM Project University of Nebraska, Omaha Denise C. Herz $26,104 98-IJ-CX-0065 Support Services for ADAM Program Abt Associates Inc. D. Hunt $4,694,545 98-IJ-CX-C001 o Residential Substance Abuse Treatment (RSAT) Program *A Collaborative Evaluation of Pennsylvania's Program for Drug-Involved Violators Vera Institute of Justice, Inc. Douglas Young $59,989 98-RT-VX-K002 This research, conducted in collaboration with the Pennsylvania Department of Corrections, is evaluating the RSAT program and examining recidivism and recommitment of technical parole violators to Pennsylvania State prisons. Evaluation of the Barnstable County Sheriff's Department's RSAT Program Massachusetts Executive Office of Public Safety Diane Brensilber $59,990 98-RT-VX-K006 In partnership with BOTEC Analysis Corporation, researchers are conducting a process evaluation of the RSAT program in Barnstable House of Corrections. *Evaluation of Jail-Based Treatment in Virginia University of Maryland, College Park Bruce Kubu $59,982 98-RT-VX-K001 Researchers are conducting a process evaluation of the Commonwealth of Virginia's five RSAT-funded, jail-based drug treatment programs for State prisoners to learn about program operations in the first year. *Evaluation of Wisconsin's Residential Substance Abuse Treatment Program for Female State Prisoners University of Wisconsin, Madison D. Paul Moberg $59,864 98-RT-VX-K003 Wisconsin's RSAT program for female State prisoners is being evaluated to document progress in implementing the treatment program, assess offender participation in treatment, determine program impact on intermediate outcomes, examine implementation and coordination of the aftercare component, and develop a data design for an impact evaluation. *Local Process Evaluation of the Michigan Department of Corrections RSAT Program National Council on Crime and Delinquency James Austin $60,000 98-RT-VX-K007 Researchers are conducting a process evaluation of the Michigan Department of Corrections' RSAT program for adult male inmates. *Outcome Evaluation of Wisconsin Dual Diagnosis Treatment Program University of Wisconsin, Madison D. Paul Moberg $99,351 98-RT-VX-K005 An evaluation is being conducted of Wisconsin's residential abuse treatment for State prisoners who have been diagnosed with both substance abuse and psychiatric disorders to assess offender participation in treatment and to analyze treatment program impact on substance use, mental health, and criminal justice recidivism outcomes. *Process Assessment of Correctional Treatment Texas Christian University Kevin Knight $59,946 98-RT-VX-K004 Researchers are examining the essential components of a corrections-based therapeutic treatment program for drug-involved offenders to determine which client factors are most affected over the course of treatment and associated with short-term outcomes. Information Dissemination and General Support Annual Review of Justice Research Castine Research Corporation Michael Tonry $170,592 92-IJ-CX-K044 This award supports development and production of a new volume of Crime and Justice's Annual Review of Justice Research, which summarizes the most significant and policy-relevant information useful to criminal justice policymakers, professionals, and researchers. Committee on Law and Justice Core Support National Academy of Sciences Carol Petrie $210,000 98-IJ-CX-0030 This grant supports a committee to identify new areas of criminal justice research, assist in resolving scientific controversies, and expand established research. Crime Atlas Justice Research and Statistics Association Joan C. Weiss $89,501 98-IJ-CX-K001 This award supports the development and production of a report that presents data on trends in corrections and sentencing at the State and national levels. Criminal Justice Research Training Program University of Maryland, College Park Charles Wellford $25,000 95-IJ-CX-A033 This award supports a Criminal Justice Research Training Program that provides graduate students an opportunity to gain experience in criminal justice research and research administration. Data Resources Program of the National Institute of Justice University of Michigan Paul J. Stemple $458,082 95-IJ-CX-C005 This award supports preparation for public use of the data resources generated by NIJ grantees and the provision of technical assistance to NIJ staff in the use of existing NIJ research datasets. Developing Communications Initiatives in Criminal Justice CF Productions, Inc. Thomas V. Brady $52,000 98-IJ-CX-0076 This award supports communications initiatives related to NIJ's Criminal Justice 2000 projects, including identifying innovative ways to use the Internet for research-based communication. Development and Production of Annual Reports and Other Materials Cygnus Corporation Todd Phillips $26,000 94-IJ-CX-C005 This supplemental award supports the development and production of NIJ's 1997 Annual Report to Congress. *Idaho Criminal Justice Statistics Idaho Department of Law Enforcement Robert C. Uhlenkott $50,000 97-MU-MU-K016 This award supports the Idaho Statistical Analysis Center in collecting, analyzing, and disseminating justice system data. John B. Pickett Fellowship in Criminal Justice Policy and Management Harvard College Susan Michaelson $99,600 92-IJ-CX-0012 This grant provides a fellowship for either a 1-year midcareer master's degree or a 3-week executive education program at Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government. National Criminal Justice Reference Service Aspen Systems Corporation Richard Rosenthal $10,889,355 94-MU-CX-C006 This award supports the management of this national and international clearinghouse and central repository of criminal justice research literature. National Institute of Justice Publications Support Palladian Partners, Inc. Cate Timmerman $113,874 98-IJ-CX-C009 This award supports the provision of publications support to NIJ's Office of Development and Communications. Policy Forums on Crime Issues for State Policymakers National Governors' Association, Center for Best Practices David E. Brown $70,000 98-IJ-CX-0054 This grant supports a series of forums on sound programs and policies designed to reduce violent juvenile crime. Professional Conference Series Institute for Law and Justice, Inc. Edward F. Connors $129,400 94-MU-CX-C008 This award supports the dissemination of research findings to practitioners through workshops, conferences, and planning and development meetings. Research Application Contract Abt Associates Inc. Catherine Conly $1,156,371 94-MU-CX-C007 This award supports dissemination of research findings and important advances in practice to the appropriate policy and professional audiences. Scholarly Conference: "Why Is Crime Decreasing?" Northwestern University John P. Heinz $21,680 98-IJ-CX-0046 This project supports a conference that brings together the country's foremost crime experts to discuss and analyze the recent statistical drop in serious and violent crimes. *Technical Assistance and Support CSR, Inc. Edward J. Spurlock $6,313,071 96-MU-MU-C004 This award supports the provision of technical, administrative, and management support to NIJ to execute its research grant activities. Technical Assistance for NIJ's Professional Conference Series Institute for Law and Justice, Inc. Edward F. Connors $1,200,000 98-IJ-CX-C002 This award supports the provision of professional consultation, technical and clerical services, facilities, equipment, and materials to support all of NIJ's Professional Conference Series activities. International Crime The Internet Studio: Building Technical Support Infrastructure for NIJ's International Program Rule of Law Foundation Sergey Chapkey $293,413 98-IJ-CX-0007 This program creates an Internet studio to provide the technical infrastructure and develop the inhouse technical skills necessary to effectively support NIJ's International Program. Links Between International and Domestic Sex Industries Coalition Against Trafficking Women Janice Raymond $188,677 98-WT-VX-0032 This research is identifying the social consequences of sex trafficking, examining patterns of violence and crime, monitoring health status and other human costs, and exploring the concept of sex trafficking as a complex system dependent upon international supply and domestic demand. The Role of Local Law Enforcement in Controlling Illegal Immigration and Other Transnational Crime Georgetown University William F. McDonald $44,988 95-IJ-CX-0110 This research is examining the role of State and local law enforcement in controlling transnational crime. Special emphasis is given to illegal immigration and the cooperation between U.S. and Mexican law enforcement officials. Transnational Organized Crime Workshop National Academy of Sciences Faith Mitchell $75,000 98-IJ-CX-0019 This 2-day workshop on transnational organized crime brings together criminologists, economists, policy analysts, sociologists, and statisticians from government agencies and the United Nations to focus on conceptual issues, definitions, measurement tools, and operational responses to international crime problems. Policing o Policing, General *COMPSTAT and Organizational Changes: A National Assessment Police Foundation David Weisburd $351,861 98-IJ-CX-0070 This assessment identifies the elements required for implementing COMPSTAT and describes model programs that illustrate how COMPSTAT combines state-of-the-art management principles with cutting edge crime analysis and geographic information systems technology. Curbing Police Brutality: What Works? Eastern Michigan University Liqun Cao $25,000 98-IJ-CX-0064 This project reanalyzes data collected on police use of excessive force, police abuse of authority, and police verbal abuse to establish a correlation of citizen complaint rates with police organizational factors. *The Force Factor: Measuring Police Use of Force Relative to Suspect Resistance University of South Carolina Geoffrey Alpert $270,173 98-IJ-CX-0018 This research aims to standardize the collection of use of force data and introduce a systematic measure of the use of force relative to suspects' use of resistance. Frontiers of Policing State University of New York, Albany David Bayley $49,994 98-IJ-CX-0017 This project will result in a monograph describing police multilateralization efforts and exploring multilateralization's implications for security policy and governance. *Identifying Correlates of Police Deviance: An Empirical Study of Police Corruption and Brutality in New York (1975-1996) Temple University Jack R. Greene $298,719 96-IJ-CX-0053 This award expands a study comparing New York City police officers who have been dismissed or forced to resign to a random sample of colleagues to determine whether they differ on a variety of individual, organizational, and community characteristics. *Measuring the Effectiveness of the Police Corps Model Allegheny County Susan Allen $223,377 98-IJ-CX-0084 This evaluation measures the effectiveness of the New York City Police Department Police Cadet Corps and the program's impact on officers' job performance, attitudes, and perceptions. Monitoring and Modeling Impacts of Policing Initiatives National Development and Research Institutes, Inc. Bruce D. Johnson $212,999 98-IJ-CX-K012 This project is using NIJ's Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring data to monitor and assess the impact of various policing initiatives on criminals and drug users and sellers over time in New York City's five boroughs. The Phoenix Project: Predictors of Suspect Use of Force Charlotte Research Center Russell Johnson $24,991 98-IJ-CX-0071 This study reanalyzes data from the 1995 Phoenix use of force study to identify factors likely to result in a suspect's use of force against police. Police Perjury: Deviance or Utilitarianism Michael O. Foley $17,125 98-IJ-CX-0032 This research examines the circumstances and factors contributing to perjury committed by New York City police officers; documents the incidence of perjury by job assignment and demographic variables; and explores officers' rationale, motivation, and justification for committing perjury. *Process Evaluation of Police Restructuring in the District of Columbia Urban Institute Jeffrey A. Roth $440,803 98-IJ-CX-K007 This project reports on the first-year restructuring activities of the D.C. Metropolitan Police Department and provides a long-term evaluation plan for the department's organizational reforms and community policing initiatives. *Reducing Nonemergency Calls to 911: Four Approaches University of Cincinnati Lorraine Green Mazerolle $399,919 98-IJ-CX-0067 This research looks at alternative systems for dealing with nonemergency citizen calls for police service and the impact these systems have on the quality and quantity of policing. *Responding to the Problem Police Officer: An Evaluation of Early Warning Systems University of Nebraska, Omaha Samuel Walker $174,643 98-IJ-CX-0002 Researchers are conducting a national assessment of the early warning systems law enforcement agencies have developed to identify officers who receive high rates of citizen complaints and to provide remedial intervention to correct problem behavior. *Structure of Large Municipal Police Organizations University of Nebraska, Omaha Mary Laura Farnham $177,159 98-IJ-CX-0003 This research aims to discover whether community policing has resulted in structural changes in police organizations, such as "flattening" of the rank structure, decentralization of decisionmaking, and reduction in levels of formalization. *Supporting Police Integrity Temple University Jack R. Greene $221,589 98-IJ-CX-0066 This study is developing a process of early identification of "problem" officers by examining the relationship between district or unit assignments and problem behavior, as well as the relationship between length of service and ethical values. *Turnover Among Alaska Village Public Safety Officers: An Examination of the Factors Associated With Attrition University of Alaska, Anchorage Darryl Wood $48,995 98-IJ-CX-0035 This research examines turnover among Alaska Village public safety officers to identify the reasons why some officers leave the program and some officers stay. Update and Expansion of the RAND Survey Regarding State and Local Police Investigative Processes Michigan State University Frank Horvath $108,442 98-IJ-CX-0057 This study updates and expands a national survey of the police investigation process by including data from State law enforcement agencies and a nationally representative sample of small police agencies. *Use of Force by the Montgomery County Police Department Joint Centers for Justice Studies, Inc. Joel Garner $76,034 98-IJ-CX-0086 This research examines the types of force used by Montgomery County, Maryland, police officers, the frequency of incidents, what factors affect the use of force and the extent of injuries, and the characteristics associated with the frequency and type of force used. *Women in Policing: Assessing the Work Environment New Traditions for Women, Inc. Donna Milgram $93,281 98-IJ-CX-0013 This project is developing an assessment tool to help law enforcement agencies determine if the workplace is receptive to women and minority police officers and to identify any barriers that may exist. o Community Policing *Building Effective Strategies for Community Policing State University of New York, Albany Raymond Hunt $140,991 95-IJ-CX-0081 This award supports an ongoing partnership between the Buffalo Police Department and the State University of New York, Buffalo, which is developing information systems, training personnel, and creating a strategic planning process for community policing. *Community Policing Strategies: First National Survey Update Macro International, Inc. Billy Jones $39,972 96-IJ-CX-0045 This supplemental award supports a project that is reanalyzing community policing information to identify the strategic and tactical changes taking place in American policing and describe underlying factors. Evaluating Community Policing in Public Housing: South Philadelphia Initiative Temple University Jack R. Greene $191,475 98-IJ-CX-0052 This project is evaluating the Philadelphia Housing Authority's efforts to implement community policing and surveying officers' and residents' perceptions of the program. *An Evaluation of the Dallas Police Department Interactive Community Policing Program University of Texas, Arlington Charles H. Mindel $295,570 95-IJ-CX-0070 This supplemental award supports an ongoing longitudinal evaluation of the implementation of Interactive Community Policing by the Dallas Police Department. *Organizational Issues in Community Policing: Effects of Geographical and Staffing Models on Community Policing City of San Diego Donna J. Warlick $176,230 98-IJ-CX-0016 Researchers are developing a "hybrid" alignment that incorporates features of both beat-cop and team policing. *Police Department and Police Officer Association Leaders' Perceptions of Community Policing University of Cincinnati Lawrence Travis $139,052 98-IJ-CX-0005 This research aims to define and describe areas of agreement among police agency executives and police officer association leaders on issues related to community policing. *Policing in a Community Context University of Cincinnati James Frank $373,971 98-IJ-CX-0063 This program examines both traditional and community-oriented policing within rural, small-town, and suburban police agencies in southwestern Ohio. *Problem Solving Strategies and Tactics for Community Policing City of San Diego Donna J. Warlick $213,119 98-IJ-CX-0080 This research is examining the analysis, response formation, and response implementation of problem-oriented policing within the San Diego Police Department. *Transition: Creating a Culture of Community Policing University of New Mexico Marjorie Hudson $177,124 98-IJ-CX-0073 This project is tracing the transformation of police culture as the Albuquerque Police Department implements community policing departmentwide. *Wave 4 Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) Evaluation Urban Institute Jeffrey A. Roth $427,775 98-IJ-CX-0087 This project will update findings of the national evaluation of the Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) program. The final report will describe funds awarded and expended through fiscal year 1998, hiring and deployment accomplishments, changes in police tactics, MORE (Making Officer Redeployment Effective)-funded technology implementation, and civilian and officer retention beyond Federal grant expiration. o Corrections and Law Enforcement Family Support *Creating Positive Mentors: Provision of Supervisory Skills Training for Sergeants and Field Training Officers Miami Police Department Paul Sherpard $45,425 96-FS-VX-0003 This award provides specialized training to new sergeants and field training officers to help them develop positive interpersonal skills, recognize stress symptoms, and practice techniques for referral to the Officer Assistance Program. *Corrections Officer Maintenance Program Connecticut Department of Corrections Robert Munroe $99,990 98-FS-VX-0003 The Connecticut Department of Corrections and Education Training Programs, Inc., are establishing a Corrections Officer Maintenance Program to increase awareness of work-related stress and its impact on family life and to improve coping skills. *Law Enforcement and Corrections Family Support City of East Lansing (Michigan) Patricia E. Nowak $10,202 98-FS-VX-0001 This program establishes resources in the City of East Lansing as part of a comprehensive approach to reducing and managing police officer stress. *Law Enforcement and Family Support Program Iowa State University Eugene Deisinger $147,395 96-FS-VX-0006 This grant provides a broad range of services that support the health and well-being of law enforcement personnel and their families. Law Enforcement Family Support Project Michigan State Police, Forensic Science Division Gary Kaufman $41,422 98-FS-VX-0007 This project is examining the impact of the recruit socialization process on families and the family's role in buffering or exacerbating officers' stress in an effort to develop a stress prevention training curriculum for recruits and family members. *Longview Police Department Prevention and Treatment of Stress Longview Police Guild (Washington) Jim Duscha $49,252 98-FS-VX-0006 This project supports a task force that is assessing the needs of Longview Police Department officers and their families and developing a comprehensive stress prevention and treatment program. *Modern Prison Work Southern Illinois University Jody Sundt $99,934 98-CE-VX-0021 This research is examining the job experiences and related stress of correctional staff employed in various institutional settings in southern Illinois. Online Education, Resources, and Support for Law Enforcement Families Nashville-Davidson County (Tennessee) Lorraine Williams-Greene $99,559 98-FS-VX-0004 This Web site provides an educational tool, a resource center, and a support network for police families worldwide, especially those in smaller law enforcement communities. *Peer Support Program Fraternal Order of Police, Old Pueblo Lodge #51 Larry Morris $224,016 98-FS-VX-0005 This program offers effective methods for reducing stress in police officers and their families in two underserved groups: Native American police departments and campus police departments. Police Family Life Education Project Philadelphia Police Department Mitchell Yanak $73,447 98-FS-VX-0002 This program teaches new police officers and their families how to recognize the warning signs of stress and how to cope with the pressures that stress brings. *Reaching Out to North Carolina's Law Enforcement Community North Carolina Department of Crime Control and Public Safety, Governor's Crime Commission George S. Ake $67,020 98-FS-VX-0008 This evaluation examines the statewide distribution of a stress prevention and treatment program and evaluates whether the program improves the stress reduction practices of treated individuals. *Stress Reduction Program for Law Enforcement Personnel and Their Families City of Los Angeles Kevin J. Jablonski $89,785 98-IJ-CX-0010 This research is examining the effectiveness of stress management programs in treating stress and in creating a sense of well-being among law enforcement officers. o Locally Initiated Partnerships, Policing Development of a Multiagency Research Partnership Involving the Chandler, Glendale, and Scottsdale, Arizona, Police Departments Arizona State University Vince Webb $113,240 98-IJ-CX-0006 This award supports the development and implementation of a police-researcher partnership involving three Arizona communities and Arizona State University West. *Implementing Community Policing in Los Angeles: A Partnership Between the Los Angeles Police Department, University of California, Los Angeles, and University of Southern California Training Research Corporation Wellford Wilms $179,560 95-IJ-CX-0060 This supplemental award supports an ongoing locally initiated research partnership to help speed the development and implementation of community policing in the Los Angeles Police Department by providing real-time data collection, analysis, and feedback to commanding officers about the activities and attitudes of their officers. *Institutionalizing the Use of Research in a Local Police Department: A Continuing Partnership University of Cincinnati Lawrence Travis $75,913 98-IJ-CX-0068 This project continues a partnership to develop a computerized mapping system that will identify problems and assess police responses of the Forest Park, Ohio, Police Division. *Locally Initiated Research Partnership With Arlington County, Virginia, Police Department Urban Institute Elizabeth Langston $133,911 98-IJ-CX-0009 This award supports a partnership between the Urban Institute and the Arlington County, Virginia, Police Department to explore the continued development of community policing. National Evaluation of Locally Initiated Research Partnerships I Institute for Law and Justice, Inc. J. Thomas McEwen $299,971 95-IJ-CX-0083 This award supports the expansion of an ongoing evaluation of NIJ's Locally Initiated Research Partnership program. *Research Partnership Between Lexington, Kentucky, Division of Police and Eastern Kentucky University Eastern Kentucky University Larry Gaines $33,464 98-IJ-CX-0004 This award supports an ongoing research partnership between the Lexington/Fayette Urban County Division of Police and the Department of Police Studies at Eastern Kentucky University. o Policing Technology *Evaluation of Computers in Patrol Cars: Implications for the Community Policing Roles of Police Officers San Francisco State University Caran Colvin $255,000 98-IJ-CX-0012 This award supports an evaluation of the San Francisco Police Department's strategy to reduce report-writing time by using mobile computing terminals in daily police operations. *Impact of Oleoresin Capsicum Spray on Respiratory Function in the Sitting and Prone Maximal Restraint Positions University of California, San Diego Theodore C. Chan $128,176 98-IJ-CX-0079 Using 35 volunteer police recruits, this study evaluates the safety of oleoresin capsicum, or pepper spray, with and without positional restraint. *Multimethod Study of Police Special Weapons and Tactics Teams University of Houston David Klinger $187,364 98-IJ-CX-0081 This research focuses on special weapons and tactics (SWAT) teams to examine police response to critical incidents, including how agencies organize their critical incident response capabilities and what SWAT teams do to prepare for critical incidents. Public Housing and Crime Community-Based Assessment of the Calexico Housing Authority's Drug Elimination Program San Diego State University Foundation Michael Sabath $131,357 98-IJ-CX-0055 This project is evaluating the Public Housing Drug Elimination Program, specifically the use of tenant patrols to reduce drug-related crime and the effects of acculturation on use of drug elimination programs by Hispanic residents. Comparative Effects of High-Rise Public Housing for the Elderly Omaha Housing Authority Katy Salzman $131,063 98-IJ-CX-0075 This project assesses variation in aspects of crime, fear of crime, and disorder in Omaha's high-rise public housing for mixed populations and the elderly. Evaluating Community Policing in Public Housing: The South Philadelphia Initiative Temple University Jack R. Greene $191,475 98-IJ-CX-0052 This project is evaluating the Philadelphia Housing Authority's (PHA) efforts to implement community policing in a test area in South Philadelphia. The project is being conducted with the PHA and its resident police agency. An Evaluation of a Comprehensive Service-Based Intervention Strategy in Public Housing Yale University Denise Stevens $191,718 98-IJ-CX-0053 The project will evaluate an intervention strategy to reduce substance use and abuse and its related risk factors among at-risk families living in public housing in New Haven, Connecticut. Evaluation of a Public Housing Drug Elimination Program Arkansas State University David Harding $74,182 98-IJ-CX-0061 This award supports an ongoing evaluation component within the Jonesboro Urban Renewal and Housing Authority, through which the agency is analyzing the effectiveness of its activities, including Project HOPE--a multidimensional drug and crime prevention plan. Evaluation of a Truancy Reduction Program Metropolitan Development and Housing Authority Gerald F. Nicely $118,042 98-IJ-CX-0056 This project is examining whether increases in school attendance rates are related to the Truancy Reduction Program, which addresses juvenile crime and truancy in public housing. Fear of Crime in Two Public Housing Contexts North Carolina State University William R. Smith $63,052 98-IJ-CX-0050 This study is examining the fear of crime in public housing neighborhoods by looking at two developments--one privately managed development that has an historically low crime rate and low resident turnover, and one development managed by the local public housing authority that has an historically high crime rate and relatively high turnover. Neighborhood Revitalization and Disorder: An Intervention Evaluation University of Utah Barbara Brown $236,195 98-IJ-CX-0022 This research is testing whether proximity to either good or poor housing conditions has any impact on fear, spillover housing upgrading, or victimization. Schools A National Study of Delinquency Prevention in Schools Gottfredson Associates, Inc. Gary D. Gottfredson $261,419 96-MU-MU-0008 This study provides middle and junior/high school baseline data for use in assessing how and to what degree a prevention program reduced school delinquency, drug use, violence, and other expected program outcomes. Sentencing *Addressing Sentencing-Related Changes in Correctional Health Care: Building a Researcher-Practitioner Partnership University of Texas Medical Branch Jacques Baillargeon $150,013 98-CE-VX-0022 The most common and costly medical conditions in the Texas Department of Criminal Justice prison system are being studied in an effort to assess health care utilization patterns and associated costs, evaluate patterns of medication compliance and usage, and develop a database system that will maximize care delivery. Attitudes Toward Crime and Punishment in Vermont: An Experiment With Restorative Justice Doble Research Associates, Inc. John Doble $94,757 98-IJ-CX-0028 This research is identifying the opinions of Vermont citizens who possess different levels of knowledge about and experience with the State's system of restorative justice. Estimating the Impacts of Three Strikes and Truth in Sentencing on Correctional Populations University of California, Los Angeles Elsa Chen $34,997 98-IJ-CX-0082 This project examines the intended and unintended consequences of three-strikes-and-you're-out and truth-in-sentencing policies on the composition of correctional populations. *Evaluating the Development of an Empirically Based Risk Assessment National Center for State Courts Brian J. Ostrom $237,787 98-CE-VX-0009 A risk assessment model developed by the Virginia Criminal Sentencing Commission is being evaluated to determine the implementation, use, and effectiveness of the instrument and to establish a database and methodology for a followup study on the recidivism of offenders diverted through risk assessment. *Examining the Effects of Ohio's Truth in Sentencing Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction Horst Gienapp $117,570 98-CE-VX-0019 This study examines the impact of Ohio's new sentencing reform measures on inmates' behavior within the institutional setting, including the consequences of eliminating positive incentives and implementation of a "bad time" policy. *Impact of Determinate Sentencing Laws on Plea Rates and Court Delay Justec Research Thomas Marvell $110,387 98-CE-VX-0017 This research is examining the impact of determinate sentencing laws on court-delay and plea rates in nine States that adopted determinate sentencing between 1979 and 1995. *Impact of Ohio's Senate Bill 2 on Sentencing Disparity University of Cincinnati John Wooldredge $149,194 98-CE-VX-0015 This research is examining the impact of Ohio's sentencing reforms on disparities in sentencing case processing. *Impact of Truth in Sentencing on Length of Stay in Prison Urban Institute William J. Sabol $212,491 98-CE-VX-0006 This research is assessing the effect of truth-in-sentencing legislation on length of stay in prison; developing methods for estimating length of stay for entering cohorts; and examining the adaptation of the criminal justice and corrections systems to truth in sentencing. *Michigan Sentencing Guidelines: Integrating Intermediate Sanctions into Guidelines and Examining the Judicial Response National Center for State Courts Victor Flango $250,952 98-CE-VX-0008 This project is establishing a baseline sentencing model from which to assess the impact of Michigan's new sentencing guidelines on the treatment of violent offenders and developing a model of judges' use of intermediate sanctions. *New Jersey No Early Release Act: Impact on Prosecution, Sentencing Rutgers State University of New Jersey Candace McCoy $1,124,219 98-CE-VX-0007 This research is examining the impact throughout New Jersey's criminal justice system of the new No Early Release Act, which requires that offenders convicted of violent crimes serve a minimum of 85 percent of their sentence before becoming eligible for parole. *Research on and Evaluation of Sentencing Reforms and Their Effects Oregon Criminal Justice Council Phillip Lemman $310,152 98-CE-VX-0030 This project is exploring the effects of Oregon's Measure 11, which establishes mandatory minimum prison sentences for specified crimes against persons, requires that juveniles committing these crimes be treated as adults, and eliminates any statutory sentence reduction. Social and Economic Impact of Sentencing Practices Yale University Kathryn Dudley $93,481 98-CE-VX-0012 This research is examining the impact of sentencing practices and incarceration on families and communities, including economic costs to the family, changes in Neighborhood and family organization, and attitudes toward the justice system. *Unintended Consequences of Sentencing Policy: Creation of Long-Term Health Care Obligations Abt Associates Inc. William Rhodes $127,077 98-CE-VX-0001 This research is assessing the health care needs of and associated health care costs for offenders under the custody of the Federal Bureau of Prisons and is predicting changes in needs and costs for States as a result of violent offender incarceration/truth-in-sentencing policies. Technology Development o Officer Protection and Crime Prevention Technologies *COPLINK Database Integration and Access for Law Enforcement Intranet City of Tucson Douglas F. Smith $200,000 97-LB-VX-K023 The focus of this research is on improving criminal justice information database access using affordable, state-of-the-art technologies from an integrated system analysis and design approach. *Offender Wide-Area Continuous Electronic Monitoring Systems Lucent Technologies, Inc., Integrated Solutions Laura G. Tutterow $272,677 98-LB-VX-K005 This research aims to solve some key computational and theoretical challenges faced by developers of second generation home arrest systems by developing a simulator for system testing and evaluation, and a theoretical model for reducing multipath interference effects (the largest contributor to inaccuracy of location determination) for the time of arrival dominant location method. *Proof of Concept and Demonstration for the Personal Alarm Telephonics Corporation Dennis Fortner $459,078 97-LB-VX-K021 This award supports a study of the personal alarm monitor system to determine design modifications and trade-offs required to implement body unit voice communication after alarm activation. *Technology Thrust Areas and Technology Solutions to Law Enforcement Raytheon TI Systems, Inc. Frank Bates $500,000 98-LB-VX-K001 This award supports the development of low-cost, uncooled thermal imaging systems that enable law enforcement and correctional officers to see in the dark. o Investigative and Forensic Sciences Forensics, General *Computational Assistance and Training in DNA Population Genetics for Forensic Science Laboratories University of Illinois R.E. Gaensslen $98,952 98-LB-VX-A018 This award refines and bundles together statistical genetics analysis programs with a user-friendly Windows interface and initiates training for forensic lab examiners. *Detection of Date-Rape Drugs in Hair and Urine University of Illinois, Chicago Adam Negrusz $105,564 98-LB-VX-K020 This project is developing a methodology to detect flunitrazepam (rohypnol) in the hair of suspected date-rape victims. Develop a Rapid Immobilized Probe Assay for the Detection of mtDNA Variation Rebecca L. Reynolds Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute $193,318 96-IJ-CX-0028 This study is developing a simple and rapid method for typing mitochondrial DNA sequence variation using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. This method, called the "reverse dot blot" technique, is based on the analysis of PCR-amplified DNA using immobilized sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes. Forensic Accreditation Board: An Accreditation Program for Forensic Specialty Certifying Programs American Academy of Forensic Sciences Graham R. Jones $51,000 98-IJ-CX-0074 This project is establishing a formal mechanism through which the forensic community can monitor certification of forensic scientists and other forensic specialists. *Medicolegal Death Investigator Guidelines and Training Project Occupational Research and Assessment, Inc. Steven C. Clark $150,000 98-LB-VX-0007 This project is validating the national guidelines developed for both training death investigators and conducting death investigations; identifying which guidelines need to be revised based on jurisdictional issues; and developing national training strategies and a prototype CD-ROM/Internet training package. National Center for Forensic Science University of Central Florida William W. McGee $1,047,992 98-IJ-CX-K003 This award continues funding for the National Center for Forensic Science, which provides technical assistance to the forensic science and law enforcement communities in the areas of fire and explosion debris through scientific research, development of protocols, and development of an electronic resource library and distance learning modules. *National Commission on the Future of DNA Evidence U.S. Attorney's Office, District of Columbia Barbara Anijikaiye $99,952 98-LB-VX-A049 This award funds an executive director for the National Commission on the Future of DNA Evidence and supports continued operations. *Pattern Recognition Techniques in Investigative and Forensic Sciences Institute for Linguistic Evidence, Inc. Carole E. Chaski $90,000 98-LB-VX-0065 This award continues research on pattern recognition techniques and their use in investigative and forensic sciences, including determining authorship of documents based on patterns of language use. *Support to the 15th Meeting of the International Association of Forensic Sciences 15th Meeting of the International Association of Forensic Sciences, Inc. Barry A.J. Fisher $49,920 98-LB-VX-0011 Participants at this meeting will learn about the latest research in the forensic sciences, observe demonstrations of the newest technology and instrumentation, and network with their colleagues in the international forensic community. Teleforensic Demonstration Project New York State Police Gerald M. Zeosky $50,000 98-IJ-CX-A051 The New York State Police Forensic Investigative Center is testing and evaluating whether telecommunications technology used by the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command in telemedicine and battlefield operations has an application in forensic investigations. DNA 5-Year Plan *Chip-Based Genetic Detector for Rapid Identification of Individuals Nanogen, Inc. Michael I. Nerenberg $499,882 97-LB-VX-0004 This award continues development of a highly discriminating, rapidly processing microchip and microchip analysis device capable of forensic DNA analysis using the FBI's CODIS--Combined DNA Index System-approved short tandem repeat (STR) DNA markers. *Database of Y-Chromosome STR Loci in U.S. Populations Pennsylvania State University Mark Stoneking $110,384 98-LB-VX-0005 A database is being developed for 7 variable Y- chromosome marker profiles, or haplotypes, in 1,800 men previously typed for other forensically relevant DNA markers. *Evaluation of New STR Markers for Forensic Analysis University of Cincinnati Ranjan Deka $220,359 98-LB-VX-0002 Researchers are validating the utility of short tandem repeat (STR) loci in forensic DNA analysis by characterizing a large number of STR loci in well-defined populations of known anthropological and demographic histories. *Evaluation of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP's) for Human Identification Use University of Texas, Houston David Stivers $40,000 98-LB-VX-0010 The statistical properties of SNP's are being studied to develop measures to estimate a DNA profile when the markers used may be genetically linked. *Improved Analysis of DNA STR's for Human Identification-Mass Spectrometry Genetrace Systems, Inc. Christopher H. Becker $301,999 97-LB-VX-0003 This award continues funding for a project that uses mass spectrometry to achieve a more efficient, less expensive analysis of DNA short tandem repeats (STR's) than current technology allows. *Microchip DNA Fingerprinting Devices Oak Ridge National Laboratory J. Michael Ramsey $498,963 97-LB-VX-A063 Researchers are developing "laboratory-on-a-chip" technology to address the problems of lengthy analysis times, high cost, and potential sample contamination in forensic DNA analysis. *Microdevice for Automated, Ultra-High-Speed, and Portable DNA Forensics Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research Daniel J. Ehrlich $250,000 98-LB-VX-K022 This project is developing a miniaturized gel electrophoresis system on a silica microchip for typing forensic DNA markers (STR's) that will be up to a hundred times faster than other such devices. *Rapid DNA Typing by Laser Desorption Mass Spectroscopy Oak Ridge National Laboratory C.H. Winston Chen $149,040 97-LB-VX-A047 This award supports development of a faster, more cost-effective approach to DNA typing using laser desorption mass spectrometry with improved resolution and sensitivity. *Validation of the Combined DNA Index System-Approved DNA Markers for Forensic Testing University of Texas, Houston Ranajit Chakraborty $49,741 98-LB-VX-K019 A Windows-based software package is being developed to compute the population frequencies of DNA profiles using all the statistical models that are generally accepted in the scientific community, thereby removing any obstacles to court admissibility, and to estimate relatedness when samples share DNA markers. DNA Laboratory Improvement Program Acquisition of CODIS Capabilities City of Tucson (Arizona) Walter K. Tannert $11,360 98-DN-VX-0026 This project is establishing a Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) database capability at the Tucson Police Department City/County Crime Laboratory in order to participate in the State CODIS network. Arizona DNA Analysis Enhancement Program Arizona Department of Public Safety Debra A. Figarelli $420,000 98-DN-VX-0014 These funds are supporting Arizona's efforts to accelerate implementation of the State convicted sex offender database system, develop compatible DNA testing capabilities in all laboratories in the State, and establish additional Native American short tandem repeat (STR) population databases. Arkansas: Establishment of a DNA Data Bank Arkansas State Crime Laboratory Kenneth H. Michau $161,250 98-DN-VX-0019 This grant supports Arkansas' creation of a statewide DNA databank to be used by law enforcement to enhance the apprehension of repeat sex offenders and other violent criminals. California Statewide DNA Laboratory Improvement Program California Department of Justice, Bureau of Criminal Identification and Information Jan Bashinski $1,000,000 98-DN-VX-0013 These funds are supporting California's efforts to implement PCR-based DNA STR typing capabilities in all full-service crime labs in the State of California. Continuation and Expansion of "Fast Track" Forensic Indexing of Crime Scene Profiles City of Albuquerque (New Mexico) John F. Krebsbach $141,979 98-DN-VX-0009 This award supports a statewide consortium managed by the Albuquerque Police Department with the New Mexico Department of Public Safety to conduct rapid analysis of sexual assault case evidence and implement a convicted felon database program. Denver Forensic DNA Laboratory Improvement Program Denver Police Department Greggory S. LaBerge $198,340 98-DN-VX-0010 The Denver Police Department is updating its DNA laboratory with the addition of STR analysis capability to allow participation in the FBI's Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) database program in coordination with the Colorado Bureau of Investigation. Developing Criteria for Model External DNA Proficiency Testing University of Illinois, Chicago Joseph L. Peterson $249,926 96-DN-VX-0001 Researchers are continuing to explore the feasibility of external, blind proficiency testing in forensic DNA laboratories, as mandated by the DNA Identification Act of 1994. Development and Implementation of West Virginia Short Tandem Repeat Combined DNA Index System Database Marshall University Research Corporation Terry W. Fenger $2,000,000 98-DN-VX-K001 This grant enables West Virginia to establish a statewide DNA short tandem repeat (STR) database to be implemented and maintained by the Marshall University Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) Laboratory in collaboration with the West Virginia State Police. DNA Improvement of Databasing and Forensic Casework Michigan State Police, Forensic Science Division Frank E. Schehr $457,015 98-DN-VX-0031 This award assists in the expansion of DNA STR analysis capability in both the State of Michigan and the City of Detroit to improve processing of DNA database samples for the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) and forensic casework output through implementation of new technology. DNA STR Conversion Project Marion County (Indianapolis) Forensic Services Agency James E. Hamby $359,560 98-DN-VX-0004 This award supports the Indianapolis-Marion County Forensic Services Agency laboratory in its pursuit of full implementation of short tandem repeat (STR) technology while it continues using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Enhancement of the Tennessee Bureau of Investigation's Forensic DNA Laboratory Program Tennessee Bureau of Investigation, Forensic Services Division William J. Darby, III $85,336 98-DN-VX-0002 This award is assisting the Tennessee Bureau of Investigation's Forensic Services Division in the installation of Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) technology in three of its four laboratories and the purchase of equipment to perform short tandem repeat (STR) DNA analysis in its central Nashville laboratory. Expanded Felon DNA Databank Program for the State of Alabama Alabama Department of Forensic Sciences John W. Hicks $374,900 98-DN-VX-0021 This award supports the Alabama Department of Forensic Sciences in the development, evaluation, and implementation of efficient, cost-effective methods of collection and storage of felon samples; and in the implementation and evaluation of rapid, reliable short tandem repeat (STR) technology for analysis of felon and forensic casework. Expanded Forensic DNA Testing Program for the State of Hawaii Honolulu Police Department Wayne Kimoto $300,540 98-DN-VX-0020 This award supports the Honolulu Police Department in its efforts to validate and implement multiplex short tandem repeat (STR) DNA analysis for casework and database testing to serve all law enforcement agencies in Hawaii and the Pacific, complete the State convicted felon/sex offender databank, and expand the Hawaii population database to include relevant STR loci. Expanding DNA Analysis Capabilities: STR Implementation County of Bexar (Texas) Lonnie D. Ginsberg $171,310 98-DN-VX-0024 This award supports Bexar County in its research and implementation of an automated short tandem repeat (STR) detection system for DNA analysis as part of an ongoing effort to improve the county's Forensic Science Center Criminal Investigation Laboratory's forensic DNA analysis capabilities. Expanding DNA Typing in Georgia Georgia Bureau of Investigation George Herrin, Jr. $380,950 98-DN-VX-0022 This award supports the Georgia Bureau of Investigation's Division of Forensic Science in its implementation of short tandem repeat (STR) testing capability in its Macon regional lab; testing of nonsuspect sexual assault cases; implementation of the State Combined DNA Index System database; and management of feasibility studies for new DNA typing procedures, primarily mitochondrial DNA testing. Expansion of DNA Analysis Capabilities Illinois State Police, Springfield Susan Hart Johns $150,000 98-DN-VX-0032 This award provides support to eight laboratories of the Illinois State Police to develop and improve forensic DNA testing, maintain active research, ensure quality of DNA testing and compliance with national standards, and expand and maintain the State DNA database. Expansion of DNA Services North Carolina State Bureau of Investigation Mark S. Nelson $73,000 98-DN-VX-0012 This award assists the North Carolina State Bureau of Investigation with its purchase of a Rosys Plato 3001D Gene Machine base unit designed to handle up to 960 DNA samples simultaneously. Florida Statewide Coordinated Forensic DNA Laboratory Program Florida Department of Law Enforcement Dale Heideman $900,000 98-DN-VX-0034 This award supports the Florida Department of Law Enforcement and participating local laboratories in their development of a statewide DNA testing program for short tandem repeat (STR) analysis that is compatible with the national Combined DNA Index System (CODIS). Forensic Development of STR Database and Comparison to Nonsubject Cases Maryland State Police Louis C. Portis $180,808 96-DN-VX-0002 This award supports Maryland's continuing expansion of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based short tandem repeat (STR) typing to include all samples in the State of Maryland convicted sex offender repository. Forensic DNA Enhancement Project for Texas Texas Department of Public Safety D. Pat Johnson $380,000 98-DN-VX-0001 This award supports the Texas Department of Public Safety in expanding short tandem repeat (STR) typing to all eight of its laboratories and in conducting STR analysis of suspect and nonsuspect sexual assault cases, including Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) database searches. Forensic DNA Laboratory Program Expansion Missouri State Highway Patrol T. J. Luikart $546,742 98-DN-VX-0025 This award assists the Missouri State Highway Patrol, the St. Louis Metropolitan Police Department, and the St. Louis County Police Department crime laboratories in a collaborative project to provide the State of Missouri with a networked, computerized database system that serves as an investigative tool to aid in the identification, detection, or exclusion of violent crime suspects. Forensic DNA Program for Connecticut: PCR Technologies Connecticut Department of Public Safety Elaine M. Pagliaro $191,000 98-DN-VX-0017 This award supports the Connecticut State Police Forensic Science Laboratory in its implementation of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based DNA short tandem repeat (STR) analysis for casework and database testing and its outsourcing of convicted sex offender sample analysis for entry into the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS). Fort Worth DNA Laboratory Enhancement City of Fort Worth (Texas) D.E. Garrett $121,085 98-DN-VX-0027 This award assists the Fort Worth Police Department Forensic Science Laboratory in enhancement of DNA testing capabilities to include short tandem repeat (STR) methodologies. This full range of testing will enable the laboratory to obtain results on cases that have degraded or insufficient DNA for restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, as well as on mixed samples frequently found in sexual assault cases. Houston Forensic DNA Laboratory Improvement Program City of Houston James Bolding $106,909 98-DN-VX-0005 This award supports the Houston Police Department Crime Laboratory in its implementation of short tandem repeat (STR) DNA analysis. The laboratory is purchasing equipment and supplies and providing analyst training in STR methods. Implementation of Automated Multiplex Short Tandem Repeats in Forensic Casework County of Dallas Timothy J. Sliter $151,068 98-DN-VX-0006 This award assists the Southwestern Institute of Forensic Sciences in improvement of DNA testing capabilities at its Criminal Investigation Laboratory through the implementation of automated fluorescent short tandem repeat (STR) detection technology. Improvement of Capability to Analyze DNA Virginia Department of Criminal Justice Services Deanne F. Dabbs $375,000 98-DN-VX-0018 This award enables the Virginia Department of Criminal Justice Services to purchase additional equipment and supplies to expand its Division of Forensic Science laboratories. Increasing STR Typing Capabilities in the Oregon DNA Laboratory Oregon Department of State Police Cecilia H. von Beroldingen $113,198 97-DN-VX-0013 This award continues support for the Oregon State Police's project to expand DNA typing capabilities to include short tandem repeat (STR) technology for both forensic casework, particularly unknown suspect, and database samples. Kansas City, Missouri, Police Department DNA Equipment Upgrade Kansas City Police Department John T. Wilson $163,700 98-DN-VX-0033 This award supports the implementation and expansion of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based DNA testing methodology for short tandem repeats (STR's) at the Kansas City, Missouri, Regional Criminalistics Laboratory. Maine Statewide DNA Laboratory Improvement Program Maine Department of Public Safety Timothy D. Kupferschmid $155,000 97-DN-VX-0008 This award supports the Maine State Police's purchase of a 310 Genetic Analyzer and the necessary supplies and short tandem repeat (STR) kits for analysis of convicted felon samples as part of the State's ongoing effort to equip and supply a state-of-the-art forensic DNA laboratory. Montana DNA Program Montana Department of Justice James Streeter $34,550 98-DN-VX-0008 This award assists the Montana Division of Forensic Sciences in implementation of an additional short tandem repeat (STR) marker set to increase the power of exclusion, to provide more information for the State and national database, and to ensure laboratory compliance with DNA Advisory Board guidelines. North Dakota Department of Health Crime Laboratory Division DNA Project North Dakota Department of Health Hope R. Olson $73,774 98-DN-VX-0030 This award is assisting the North Dakota Department of Health's Crime Laboratory Division with establishment of DNA testing capabilities in the State laboratory and of a database of convicted sex offenders. Northern Illinois Police Crime Lab Forensic DNA Analysis Program Northern Illinois Police Crime Laboratory Jane M. Homeyer $266,669 98-DN-VX-0011 This award enables the Northern Illinois Police Crime Laboratory to begin typing the 13 core loci specified for the FBI's Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) and provides the hardware, software, and training necessary to implement CODIS in the lab to complement the existing State network. North Louisiana Crime Lab DNA Analysis Improvement Program North Louisiana Criminalistics Laboratory Patrick W. Wojtkiewicz $275,470 98-DN-VX-0003 This award supports the North Louisiana Criminalistics Laboratory in its efforts to improve DNA analysis services to the North Louisiana region by increasing DNA case output, enhancing DNA typing capabilities, and implementing a nonsuspect sexual assault database compatible with the FBI's Combined DNA Index System. Prince George's County Police Department DNA/Serology Laboratory Project Prince Georges County (Maryland) Government Michael Ricucci $222,290 98-DN-VX-0028 This award supports enhancement of the capabilities of the Prince Georges County Police Department DNA/Serology Laboratory. The county will provide training in and validation and implementation of short tandem repeat (STR) analysis methods, establish a quality assurance program, and integrate the laboratory into the FBI's Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) database system. STR Conversion and Expansion of CODIS Database Minnesota Department of Public Safety Terry L. Laber $200,000 98-DN-VX-0023 This award supports the Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension Laboratory in obtaining state-of-the-art automated equipment to conduct databasing and casework using Combined DNA Index System (CODIS)-approved short tandem repeat (STR) loci, implement STR systems in casework for faster processing time, and achieve sufficient STR capability to convert the current RFLP 8,000 offender database to CODIS-approved loci. STR Technology Update and Increased Combined DNA Index System Capacity New Jersey Division of State Police Linda B. Jankowski $297,381 98-DN-VX-0035 This award supports expansion of the forensic DNA testing capabilities of the New Jersey State Police to analyze all casework, including unknown subject cases, using STR technology. Tarrant County Forensic DNA Laboratory Enhancement Program County of Tarrant (Texas) Ronald L. Singer $89,520 98-DN-VX-0016 This award supports the enhancement and expansion of the capabilities of the Tarrant County Medical Examiner's District Forensic DNA Laboratory to include STR testing methodologies, bringing the laboratory into compliance with Texas Department of Public Safety and FBI guidelines. Upgrade of Serological Analysis to DNA Technologies Kentucky State Police Lucy A. Davis $231,570 98-DN-VX-0007 This award supports the Kentucky State Police in its conversion of the Jefferson Regional Laboratory from conventional serology to DNA technology, including the purchase of equipment and analyst STR training. The State is upgrading existing Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) workstations and outsourcing analysis of convicted offender DNA samples previously collected for CODIS input. Validation and Implementation of PCR-STR Analysis and CODIS Site Establishment Baltimore County (Maryland) Police Department Karen L. Irish $119,300 98-DN-VX-0015 This award supports the improvement and expansion of the capabilities of the Baltimore County Police Department's forensic laboratory to conduct DNA testing by expediting the validation of STR methodologies and to facilitate the exchange of information with other law enforcement agencies through Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) participation. Washington State Patrol Forensic DNA Laboratory Improvement Program, Phase III Washington State Patrol Donald C. MacLaren $300,000 98-DN-VX-0029 This award supports the Washington State Patrol Crime Laboratory Division's expansion of DNA analysis capabilities; its capacity to conduct routine casework, including nonsuspect cases; and analysis of convicted offender samples. o Less-Than-Lethal Incapacitation *Biomechanical Assessment of Nonlethal Weapons Wayne State University Albert I. King $148,276 98-LB-VX-K017 This project uses cadaver testing to establish human responses to low-mass, high-velocity blunt impacts. *Development of a Database of the Effects of Less-Than-Lethal Weapons Pro Tac International Ken Hubbs $84,770 98-LB-VX-K006 This project creates a database of less-than-lethal projectile information based on actual less-than-lethal weapon use so that law enforcement agencies can make informed decisions when choosing equipment, devices, munitions, and technologies. Evaluation of the Human Effects of a Prototype Electric Stun Projectile Pennsylvania State University Pamela R. Kauffman $99,600 98-IJ-CX-K006 This evaluation is identifying the health effects of the prototype electric stun projectile ("sticky shocker") based on the developer's technical information and other studies. *Evaluation of Vehicle Stopping Electromagnetic Prototype Devices U.S. Department of the Army E. Scannell $250,000 98-LB-VX-A099 Researchers are conducting the third phase of an engineering field test to evaluate vehicle stopping electromagnetic prototype devices for law enforcement. Ring Airfoil Projectile System for Less-Than-Lethal Application Guilford Engineering Associates, Inc. David Findlay $249,303 97-IJ-CX-K019 This effort aims to develop a handheld ring airfoil projectile prototype launcher with a disposable delivery cartridge and a reusable firing device. o Communication and Information Technologies *Development of Advanced Wireless Technology Standards Association of Public Safety Communications Officials International, Inc. Craig M. Jorgensen $44,570 97-LB-VX-K002 This grant supports phase II of the Association of Public Safety Communications Officials International project to create and publish a suite of very narrow band 6.25 KHz standards and wideband, high-speed radio frequency mobile data network standards. *Development of a Community Access System for the Chicago Police Department Abt Associates Inc. Marianne Beauregard $474,418 98-LB-VX-0070 This project is developing and assessing the utility of a community access system, an automated outbound polling system that will continuously gather information from the community on satisfaction with police efforts, criminal activity, suggested police tactics, and victimization. *Face Recognition and Intelligent Software Development Analytic Services, Inc. Tina M. Babin $3,749,998 98-LB-VX-K021 This award supports development of a specialized software system that can find missing children and fugitives on the Internet, in video surveillance, or in other large facial databases. *Investigation and Evaluation of Voice Stress Analysis Technology U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory Sharon M. Walter $150,000 98-LB-VX-A013 Researchers are studying the scientific value and utility of existing voice stress analysis technology for law enforcement applications. *Law Enforcement/Criminal Justice Multijurisdiction Information System Study--Phase II Center for Technology Commercialization, Inc. Thomas Kennedy $299,341 97-LB-VX-K012 This study is examining a small group of the multijurisdictional information systems previously identified to ascertain what the systems do, whom they serve, and how they are funded. *Southwest Border States Antidrug Information System Criminal Information Sharing Alliance Glen Gillum $7,918,174 97-LB-VX-K009 This project's final phase improves the network's performance and extends the system to critical law enforcement agencies in Arizona, California, New Mexico, and Texas. Telemedicine Network Prototype SPAWAR, Charleston Jerry A. Koenig $937,273 98-IJ-CX-A014 This award continues operation and maintenance of a prototype telemedicine network and supports further analyses of the utility of telemedicine in a corrections environment. *Voice-Response Translator for Preprogrammed Law Enforcement Phrases Integrated Wave Technologies, Inc. John Hall $401,324 98-LB-VX-K023 This award supports the miniaturization of the voice-response translator device to a production-ready prototype and the introduction of software enhancements that render it more amenable for officer self-training. o Training and Simulation Technologies *Bomb Threat Training Simulator University of Houston Christopher A. Chung $131,075 98-LB-VX-K016 This project enhances the capabilities of a bomb threat training simulator by adding at least one scenario. *Development of Computer-Based Training for Law Enforcement Advanced Systems Technology Barbara Hines $319,436 98-LB-VX-K018 This project is demonstrating that standardized law enforcement training can be managed centrally and delivered to a geographically dispersed student population at the pace of the individual learner using computer-based training. *Law Enforcement Technology Training Needs Assessment Planning Sam Houston State University Larry T. Hoover $500,000 97-LB-VX-K020 This project assesses training needs, identifies training curricula appropriate for conveyance using technology, and develops courseware for the top three curricula. *Training, Technology Development, and Implementation U.S. Department of Defense, Naval Air Warfare Center Janet Weisenford $507,944 97-MU-MU-A042 This award supports the development of joint training and simulation technologies by NIJ and the Naval Air Warfare Center Training Systems Division. *Working With Technology in Corrections American Correctional Association John J. Greene $164,930 96-LB-VX-K004 This award supports production of two computer-based, distance learning lesson plans that will be made available to corrections practitioners via the World Wide Web. o Counterterrorism Technologies Assessment of Explosively Formed Penetrator U.S. Department of the Navy, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Indian Head Division Marc Magdinec $445,988 97-DT-CX-A074 This award assesses the potential utility of an explosively formed penetrator, or flying plate, for law enforcement. Body Cavity Screening System Quantum Magnetics, Inc. Geoff Barrall $250,263 98-DT-CX-K005 Quantum Magnetics is designing, building, testing, and implementing a stationary body cavity screening system designed to screen persons suspected of concealing weapons and other contraband that could be harmful to corrections staff or other inmates. Chemical/Biological Dosimeter Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration U.S. Department of Defense, Directorate of Research and Engineering Jasper Lupo $200,000 98-DT-CX-A073 This project develops and demonstrates a wearable, chemical/biological dosimeter to record subclinical exposures to medically hazardous chemical and biological agents. Cybercrime Cyberterrorism Study Tennessee Valley Authority David J. Icove $65,000 98-MU-CX-A076 Researchers are assessing the issues regarding cybercrime and cyberterrorism, including the role of State and local law enforcement in combating cybercrime and cyberterrorism, and identifying the technologies and resources available to carry out that role. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Support of the Joint-Program Steering Group U.S. Department of Defense, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency David Fields $349,985 97-IJ-CX-A025 This award provides funds for the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency to furnish systems engineering and technical assistance support to technology initiatives undertaken by the Joint-Program Steering Group. Detection and Classification of Concealed Weapons Using Magnetic Gradient Measurements U.S. Department of Energy, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory Jonathan Nadler $101,959 95-IJ-CX-A027 The Idaho National Engineering Laboratory is developing a method of detecting and classifying concealed weapons using magnetic gradient measurement techniques. Development of an Inexpensive Radar Flashlight for Law Enforcement and Corrections Applications Georgia Institute of Technology E. F. Greneker $336,539 98-DT-CX-K003 This project supports development of an inexpensive radar flashlight that will allow law enforcement officers to use it as a force multiplier and safety enhancement tool. Explosives Detection and Remediation Research and Evaluation U.S. Department of Defense, Office of Special Technology David Perkins $1,350,000 97-DT-CX-A068 This study assesses the explosive detection needs of law enforcement and then selects, demonstrates, and evaluates the applicability of existing technologies to meet those needs. Laser Dazzler Assessment U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory Chad Lindstrom $290,000 98-DT-CX-A040 Researchers are evaluating a handheld laser dazzler to determine its safety, effectiveness, and suitability for law enforcement operational testing. Multisensor Portal Concealed Weapons Detection Chang Industry, Inc. Yu-Wen Chang $850,164 98-DT-CX-K001 This award supports the development and testing of the next generation of multiple sensor portal concealed weapons and counterterrorism detection systems, which will screen subjects as they walk through the extended portal at a normal pace. Passive Millimeter-Wave Camera for Concealed Weapons Thermotrex Corporation Peter F. Black $299,942 98-DT-CX-K006 This award supports the design, development, and evaluation of a passive millimeter-wave camera that detects concealed weapons and other contraband by measuring the natural millimeter-wave thermal emissions of living beings and inanimate objects. Portable Through-the-Wall Surveillance System Raytheon Company Larry Frazier $278,595 98-DT-CX-K004 This project is completing the design of a portable through-the-wall motion and ranging sensor system, which can determine the range of moving persons. Stand-Off Detection and Tracking of Concealed Weapons Quantum Magnetics, Inc. Peter V. Czipott $297,733 98-DT-CX-K002 This award supports production of a three-sensor gradiometer using magnetoresistive sensors for a patrol car-mounted concealed weapons detector. Technical Support for the Concealed Weapons Detection and Through-the-Wall Surveillance Programs U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Information Directorate David Ferris $1,499,076 98-MU-MU-A062 This project oversees development of technologies under the concealed weapons detection and through-the-wall surveillance programs, conducts an interferometric impulse radar study, and analyzes the applicability of pulsed fast neutron to law enforcement applications. Technical Support to NIJ's Office of Science and Technology U.S. Department of Energy, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Steven W. Martin $157,546 97-DT-CX-A092 NIJ's Office of Science and Technology is provided a technical project manager with both technical expertise and project management experience to assist in the development of technologies for domestic counterterrorism. o Program Assessment, Policy, and Coordination *Facilitation of Domestic and International Technology Partnerships Eagan, McAllister Associates, Inc. Robert Greenberg $428,589 96-LB-VX-K008 This project surveys key U.S. technology organizations as well as technology programs abroad to determine which would provide the best partnerships to advance NIJ's law enforcement program. *Governance and Technology Delivery Processes for the National Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology Centers and Their User Communities Pymatuning Group, Inc. Ruth M. Davis $498,204 98-LB-VX-0001 This award supports demonstration of innovative financing mechanisms that can be used to provide practitioners with law enforcement and corrections technology products. *Information Technology Acquisition Institute for Law and Justice, Inc. J. Thomas McEwen $499,869 98-LB-VX-K011 This program is developing a comprehensive approach to information technology acquisition for State and local agencies. *Law Enforcement Technology, Technology Transfer, Less-Than-Lethal Weapons Technology, and Policy Liability Assessment SEASKATE, Inc. E. A. Burkhalter $255,828 96-LB-VX-K006 This award supports a task force that is providing recommendations on how legal liability can be minimized through training, policy directives, and other means. *Less-Than-Lethal Policy Assessment Panel SEASKATE, Inc. E. A. Burkhalter $352,866 96-MU-MU-K016 This grant supports an executive-level technical and policy panel that is addressing a broad range of law enforcement technology-related issues. Public Acceptance of Police Technologies Institute for Law and Justice, Inc. J. Thomas McEwen $100,000 93-IJ-CX-K012 This project gathers data from citizen review boards, community-based advocacy groups, public interest groups, big-city crime commissions, and other organizations to assess public acceptance of law enforcement and corrections technologies and to identify significant legal, social, and political issues. *Research Conference on Illicit Substance Detection Gordon Research Conferences Jimmie C. Oxley $20,000 97-LB-VX-0007 At this conference, national policymakers can join scientists in the debate over the newest research in the field of illicit substance detection. *Surplus Property Program Ultimate Enterprise Limited Michael Simpson $212,998 96-LB-VX-K002 This program provides liaison for NIJ with the Law Enforcement Support Offices, Defense Logistics Agency, and offices of the Secretary of Defense and Department of the Army on surplus property matters. *Systems Engineering and Evaluation Support for the National Institute of Justice Office of Science and Technology U.S. Department of Defense, Defense Support Office Carl F. Klele $1,298,898 96-LB-VX-A038 This award provides program and technical management, program planning and oversight, systems engineering and technical evaluation, and administrative support for current and proposed NIJ science and technology programs. o Standards and Testing Technology Assessment Program U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology Kathleen M. Higgins $3,827,375 94-IJ-CX-A004 This award supports ongoing work on the development of DNA PCR standards, the development of less-than-lethal technologies, armor piercing ammunition testing, and similar projects. o Technology Assistance Technology Assistance, General *Oak Ridge Laboratory Technical Support to the National Institute of Justice Oak Ridge National Laboratory James A. Reafsnyder $250,000 98-LB-VX-A075 Oak Ridge National Laboratory provides a technical support manager and other technical resources in support of NIJ's Office of Science and Technology and National Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology Centers system technology projects. *Sandia National Laboratories Test Facility Sandia National Laboratories Debra D. Spencer $525,000 97-LB-VX-A004 Sandia National Laboratories is establishing a test facility for equipment prototypes to test both commercial and new prototype equipment being marketed to law enforcement, corrections, and other criminal justice agencies. National Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology Centers NIJ's National Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology Centers offer centralized sources of product and technology information, assessment, and referral services to law enforcement, corrections, and other criminal justice professionals. NIJ also supports a Border Research and Technology Center that focuses on developing and enhancing border control. National--Rockville, Maryland: National Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology Center Aspen Systems Corporation David C. Shinton $2,649,943 96-MU-MU-K011 Northeast Region--Rome, New York: National Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology Center Air Force Research Laboratory Information Directorate John A. Ritz $2,670,000 96-IJ-CX-A032 Rocky Mountain Region--Denver, Colorado: National Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology Center University of Denver, Colorado Seminary Deborah G. Bradford $1,786,004 96-MU-MU-K012 Southeast Region--Charleston, South Carolina: National Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology Center South Carolina Research Authority Gary A. Mastrandrea $1,839,697 97-MU-MU-K020 Southeast Region--Charleston, South Carolina: National Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology Center U.S. Department of the Navy, Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center, Charleston Ronald L. Polkowsky $199,030 96-IJ-CX-A010 Western Region--El Segundo, California: National Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology Center Aerospace Corporation Donald Peterson $1,624,793 96-MU-MU-K006 Operation of the Border Research and Technology Center SPAWAR, San Diego Chris Aldridge $244,250 96-IJ-CX-A036 This award provides engineering, technical assistance, and other resources in support of the Director, Office of Science and Technology, through operation of the Border Research and Technology Center. The Center also provides a communications link between national security organizations and the Law Enforcement Administration. Operation of the Office of Law Enforcement Technology Commercialization Wheeling Jesuit University Tom Burgoyne $2,800,000 98-IJ-CX-K002 This award supports identification of new technologies and creates partnerships for developing safe, effective, and affordable products for law enforcement community use. Victimization and Victim Services Development of a National Study of Victim Needs and Assistance Victim Services, Inc. Ellen Brickman $379,193 98-VF-GX-0011 This research pilot is designing a national study that will identify crime victims; investigate the consequences of crime; enumerate victim needs and sources of assistance; and characterize the services needed, sought, and received. Evaluation of Victims of Crime State Compensation and Assistance Programs Urban Institute Blaine Liner $750,000 98-VF-GX-0016 This evaluation is examining how well Victims of Crime Act-funded compensation and assistance programs are delivering a coordinated, comprehensive set of services to reduce the financial, physical, psychological, and emotional costs of criminal victimization. Repeat and Multiple Victimizations: The Role of Individual and Contextual Factors Pennsylvania State University R. Barry Ruback $24,997 98-IJ-CX-0034 Using data from previous studies, researchers are analyzing the role of individual and contextual factors in explaining repeat and multiple victimizations. Victimization Outcomes: What Influences Victim Compliance, Injury, and Crime Completion? University of Maryland, College Park Catherine A. Gallagher $24,987 98-IJ-CX-0025 Using data from the National Crime Victimization Survey, this study examines how offender, situational, and prior victimization characteristics affect victim behavior and incident outcomes. Violence o Violence, General NIJ-NCOVR Partnership Carnegie Mellon University Patricia Edgar $526,342 98-MU-MU-0007 This award supports a partnership between NIJ and the National Consortium on Violence Research (NCOVR) to improve the study of violence in a community context and to develop an early warning system that anticipates changes in levels and patterns of violence in U.S. communities. Patterns of Violence: An Analysis of Individual Offenders University of Nebraska, Omaha Julie Horney $86,172 96-IJ-CX-0015 This research expands a study of the history of inmates' violent behavior with extensive interviews of an additional 1,000 incarcerated offenders. o Violence Against Women and Family Violence Beliefs and Perceptions About Domestic Violence State University of New York, Albany Alissa P. Worden $179,216 98-WT-VX-0018 Researchers are interviewing approximately 1,200 people from six sites in New York State to gather descriptive information about attitudes, values, and perceptions regarding domestic violence. *Children Exposed to Domestic Violence American Bar Association Laura Nickles $140,987 98-IJ-CX-0069 This research is examining how community-oriented police departments are working with community partners to address the needs of children exposed to domestic violence. Conference: Co-Occurrence of Domestic Violence and Child Abuse University of Minnesota Jeffrey L. Edleson $24,975 98-WT-VX-0026 To further develop and organize the growing research agenda in the field, researchers are planning a small conference to discuss and set priorities for policy- and intervention-relevant research focused on children exposed to domestic violence. Developmental Antecedents of Violence Against Women: A Longitudinal Approach University of North Carolina, Greensboro Jacquelyn White $99,745 98-WT-VX-0010 This research is examining the developmental antecedents of physical and sexual violence against young women through investigation of the characteristics of the victim and perpetrator at three stages of life-- childhood, adolescence, and early adulthood; the social context in which they live; and the influences of risk factors at prior stages of life. Developmental Theory and Battering Incidents University of Cincinnati Paul Mazerolle $97,142 98-WT-VX-0007 This project explores how Moffitt's developmental theory of the two typologies of offending behavior--life-course persistent and adolescent-limited offending--applies to relations between parolees and their spouses and the degree to which factors related to serious intimate partner violence vary across discrete offender groups. Development of Violence Against Women University of Houston Ernest N. Jouriles $86,054 98-WT-VX-0005 This research is examining the developmental antecedents of domestic violence against women. The project draws on data from the National Youth Survey, a national survey of households in the continental United States whose dataset includes many variables that have been linked to domestic violence, including sexual conquests/ interpersonal sex and the quality of relationship with a female partner. Drugs and Alcohol and Their Connections to Domestic Violence University of New Mexico Paul Guerin $41,428 98-IJ-CX-0031 Using NIJ's Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring program as a research platform, this project is collecting urine sample, police, and interview data on 400 domestic violence arrestees in Bernalillo County (Albuquerque), New Mexico, to examine the nexus between substance abuse and domestic violence. Ecological Model of Battered Women's Experience Over Time George Washington University Mary Ann Dutton $350,948 98-WT-VX-0023 This research is gathering data from a sample of 400 battered women to gain insight into the demographic characteristics of the women and their partners; physical, sexual, and psychological abuse; the women's appraisal of the level of risk in their present situation; help-seeking and other risk-reduction strategies; community interventions; social support; and emotional well-being. Economic Distress, Community Context, and Intimate Violence: An Application and Extension of Social Disorganization Theory University of Tennessee, Knoxville Michael L. Benson $93,107 98-WT-VX-0011 Researchers are exploring the degree to which economic distress affects violence against women in intimate relationships and how community context mediates the effects of economic distress and other causes of violence against women in intimate relationships. Estimating the Population at Risk for Violence During Child Visitation Victim Services, Inc. Chris O'Sullivan $44,797 98-IJ-CX-0021 This project is examining the family court records of women attempting to separate from a violent partner to determine the risk of violence faced when fathers exercise child visitation rights. *Evaluation of a Coordinated Response to Domestic Violence San Diego Association of Governments Stuart R. Shaffer $62,526 98-WT-VX-K014 This research is evaluating the San Diego Sheriff's Department's efforts to centralize domestic violence cases in one detective unit; train deputies; and improve victim safety through the use of cell phones, body alarm devices, and audiovisual surveillance. Evaluation of Efforts to Implement No-Drop Policies American Bar Association Laura Nickles $233,342 98-WT-VX-0029 This research includes both process and impact evaluations that examine whether no-drop policies lead to actual changes in prosecution of domestic violence; the extent to which no-drop policies, if implemented successfully, change the pattern of dispositions and sentences in domestic cases; and the effect of no-drop policies on victims of domestic violence. *Evaluation of Special Session Domestic Violence: Enhanced Advocacy and Interventions University of Connecticut Cathrine M. Havens $74,999 98-WE-VX-0031 This research is exploring the effectiveness of specialized domestic violence courts in ensuring victim safety and reducing offender recidivism through the examination of intensive pretrial supervision; the role of the specialized victim advocate; the different types of probation supervision; and the experiences of African-American, Latina, and Caucasian victims of domestic violence. Family Violence: Building a Coordinated Community Response American Medical Association Larry S. Goldman $8,555 96-IJ-CX-0029 This grant supports planning and followup for a series of five regional conferences on building a coordinated community response to family violence. The series is sponsored by the American Medical Association and other national organizations and by Federal agencies. Field Testing Domestic Violence Risk Assessment Instruments Victim Services, Inc. Chris O'Sullivan $97,661 98-WT-VX-0019 Investigators are testing a variety of relatively new instruments being used to assess domestic abuse victims' level of risk to provide empirical data on the value, benefits, and consequences of these instruments and techniques. Impact of Domestic Violence--Employment Experiences of Women on Welfare University of South Florida Martha L. Coulter $429,068 98-WT-VX-0020 A survey of 600 female welfare recipients is being conducted over time to collect data on recipients' characteristics and their experience of domestic violence, the impact of mediating variables, and the women's work participation and experiences. *Impact Evaluation of the Data Collection and Communication Systems Components of the Violence Against Women Act STOP Grant Projects: An Implementation Guide National Center for State Courts Susan Keilitz $199,582 96-WT-NX-0002 This award supports an impact evaluation of existing data collection and communication systems components of the Violence Against Women Act STOP grant projects. Impact Evaluation of a Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner Unit in Albuquerque, New Mexico University of New Mexico Cameron Crandall $262,853 98-WT-VX-0027 This research is evaluating the victim advocacy, law enforcement, prosecution, and health care services components of a sexual assault nurse examiner unit, with particular attention to the interconnectedness of the services. *Impact Evaluation of STOP Grant Programs for Reducing Violence Against Women University of Arizona Eileen M. Luna $239,072 98-WT-VX-K010 This award continues a study of the effectiveness of American Indian domestic violence programs, including the overall impact of the Violence Against Women Act STOP grants in tribal communities, the efficacy of a domestic violence task force and other coordinated community responses, and possible improvements to such programs. Impact Evaluation of STOP Grants Law Enforcement and Prosecution Institute for Law and Justice, Inc. J. Thomas McEwen $399,974 96-WT-NX-0007 Researchers are examining 8 to 10 sites funded under the law enforcement and prosecution area of the Violence Against Women Act STOP formula grants to determine changes in the number of reported rapes and other sexual assaults, the number of calls for service for domestic violence, clearance rates for homicide and rape cases involving women victims, and the rate of successful prosecution of violent crimes against women. A Longitudinal Study of Battered Women in the System University of Colorado, Boulder Joanne Belknap $234,934 98-WT-VX-0024 This project examines the factors that influence battered women's choices to pursue or not pursue actions against their batterers, the factors that significantly influence judicial decisionmaking in battering cases, and the factors that influence women's subsequent need for and use of the justice system over time. Male-Perpetrated Domestic Violence Boston University Barbara A. Cole $76,667 98-WT-VX-0031 Researchers are examining the factors associated with male-perpetrated domestic violence, partner's mental health, and child distress using data from the National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study of 1990. National Evaluation of the Arrest Policies Program Under Violence Against Women Institute for Law and Justice, Inc. J. Thomas McEwen $624,650 98-WE-VX-0012 A national evaluation of the Arrest Policies Program under the Violence Against Women Act is being conducted to explore how model programs are carried out at the local level; study interactions among law enforcement, prosecution, probation, and victim services to develop a model of collaboration; assess program effectiveness; and identify innovative projects. *National Evaluation of the Rural Domestic Violence and Child Victimization Enforcement Grant Program Cosmos Corporation Mary A. Dunton $369,953 98-WR-VX-K002 The implementation and impact of Rural Domestic Violence and Child Victimization grants, which were awarded by the Violence Against Women Grants Office, are being evaluated to determine the effects of the program on victims, the criminal justice system, other service providers, and the community. *National Evaluation of the Violence Against Women Act Grants Urban Institute Martha Burt $449,354 95-WT-NX-0005 This award supports the ongoing evaluation of activities funded under the law enforcement and prosecution areas of the Violence Against Women Act, including the range of programs supported, outcomes and accomplishments of grantees, grantee planning and implementation efforts, strategies for documenting long-term impacts, and impact on system change and underserved populations. Predicting Levels of Abuse and Reassault Among Batterer Program Participants Indiana University of Pennsylvania Alex Hackert $94,981 98-WT-VX-0014 Researchers are studying participants in a batterer intervention program to identify the demographic, personality, and behavioral risk markers of multiple outcomes; assess the prediction of risk assessment instruments using multiple outcomes; examine the prediction of batterer typologies interacting with program type; and describe the dynamics of conditional prediction of multiple outcomes using qualitative case material. Predicting Reporting and Nonreporting of Sexual Assault to the Police: A Multivariate Analysis Hawaii Department of the Attorney General Libby O. Ruch $32,227 98-WT-VX-0015 This program investigates variables that facilitate or hinder the reporting of sexual assault to the police and considers the implications for treatment centers and criminal justice agencies. Prosecutors' Charging Decisions in Sexual Assault Cases University of Nebraska, Omaha Cassia Spohn $173,460 98-WT-VX-0003 Prosecutors' charging decisions in sexual assault cases in Chicago, Kansas City, and Philadelphia are being analyzed to determine what factors affect charging decisions; compare case outcomes to victim characteristics, offender characteristics, and evidence factors; examine the impact of special prosecutorial units on sexual assault cases; and analyze the disposition of filed cases. Research and Evaluation on Violence Against Women King County Epidemiology, Planning and Evaluation Unit Sandy Ciske $119,346 98-WT-VX-0025 Researchers are assessing access to and satisfaction with domestic violence services among African-American, American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian, Latina, and lesbian victims of domestic violence. *Researcher-Practitioner Partnership: Evaluating the Domestic Violence Enhanced Response Team Program in Colorado Springs 21st Century Solutions Craig D. Uchida $75,000 98-WE-VX-K010 This research involves a process evaluation of the Colorado Springs, Colorado, Domestic Violence Enhanced Response Team, a comprehensive, systemic approach to curtailing domestic violence. Researcher-Practitioner Partnership: Evaluation of Grants to Encourage Arrest Policies for Domestic Violence Pennsylvania State University Paul Antolosky $74,921 98-WE-VX-0032 This research is evaluating the training, tracking and monitoring, safety audit, and victim services activities undertaken by State College, Pennsylvania, through its Violence Against Women Act-funded grant to encourage arrest policies. Research on Violence Against Women: Syntheses for Practitioners State University of New York, Albany Alissa P. Worden $349,484 98-WT-VX-K011 This 15-month project will synthesize research on violence against women to communicate key findings to a diverse audience of local, state, and Federal policymakers and administrative officials; public health professionals; staff or community-based organizations; personnel in criminal justice settings; and criminal justice agents. Dissemination plans will particularly target those involved in professional education and training who may adopt these reviews as curriculum material. *The Richmond/Police Foundation Domestic Violence Partnership Police Foundation Rosann Greenspan $199,098 98-WT-VX-0001 This researcher-practitioner partnership is developing a data system for identifying domestic violence problems, keeping track of programmatic interventions, and assessing and evaluating program outcomes. Risk Factors for Violent Victimization of Women: A Prospective Study Wellesley College Jane Siegel $67,035 98-WT-VX-0028 Researchers are identifying risk factors for both physical and sexual victimization of women, including developmental/family antecedents and situational factors that might make women more vulnerable. Secondary Data Analysis on the Etiology, Course, and Consequences of Intimate Partner Violence Against Poor Women Better Homes Fund Amy Salomon $108,962 98-WT-VX-0012 This research is examining childhood antecedents to adult partner violence, the impact of violence on use of addictive substances, and the independent contribution of violence and substance use to the capacity to maintain work among impoverished single mothers. Sexual Violence and Intimate Partner Violence Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Ted Jones $500,000 98-IJ-CX-A026 This award supports an NIJ-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention joint research program on violence against women. Understanding the Intergenerational Transmission of Violence Michigan State University G. Anne Bogat $248,830 98-WT-VX-0021 This study examines the effect of domestic violence on infant outcomes, factors that may mediate the relationship between battering and infant outcomes, and the mental health effects of battering during pregnancy. Using a Longitudinal Data Set to Further Understanding of the Trajectory of Intimate Violence Over Time Michigan State University Cris Sullivan $99,117 98-WT-VX-0013 This research is analyzing the results of a 10-week intervention program for women leaving a domestic violence shelter. Violence Against Immigrant Women and Systemic Responses Kent State University Edna Erez $184,527 98-WT-VX-0030 This research is exploring the dynamic of the violence and abuse (both documented and undocumented) perpetrated against women immigrants, the interaction of women's immigrant status and related social and legal problems with abuse and violence, and factors affecting the women's ability to resist or escape the violence. Violence Against Women Wichita State University Jana L. Jasinski $85,206 98-WT-VX-0017 This research is examining the developmental antecedents of violence against women, particularly changes in patterns of violence against African-American, Caucasian, and Hispanic women. Violence Against Women Population-Based Comparison of Assaultive Injury Pattern University of Pittsburgh Harold B. Weiss $184,917 98-WT-VX-0016 This research is examining the patterns of assault-related injury among pregnant hospitalized women and comparing the rate of violence-related hospitalization to that of all women of reproductive age. Violence Against Women: The Role of Welfare Reform California Institute for Mental Health Sandra Naylor Goodwin $516,842 98-WT-VX-0009 This research is examining the relationship between domestic violence and employability within a group of welfare recipients and the effectiveness of services they received. Violence and Threats of Violence Against Women in America Center for Policy Research Patricia G. Tjaden $250,000 93-IJ-CX-0012 Through this award, NIJ and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention jointly support ongoing analysis of the National Violence Against Women Survey results and continued development and dissemination of summary reports of the findings. o Firearms Analysis of Title XI Effects: Assault Weapons Ban Evaluation Urban Institute Jeffrey A. Roth $301,826 98-IJ-CX-0039 This award supports a followup study of the impacts of the assault weapons ban and other title XI provisions on violent crime and firearms markets. The Effect of Gun Carry Laws on Crime and Injury Harvard University Deborah Azrael $26,138 98-IJ-CX-0042 This research is examining the effect of gun carrying regulations on rates of crime and violence. Effectiveness of Denial of Handgun Purchase University of California, Davis Fay Yee $160,046 98-IJ-CX-0024 This study is assessing the effectiveness of California's criminal history background checks for handgun purchases, which were made more stringent in 1991. The study will compare pre- and post-1991 denials and acceptances on subsequent criminal activity. Police Problem-Solving Strategies for Dealing with Youth and Gang-Related Firearms Rand Corporation Peter Greenwood $397,789 98-IJ-CX-0043 This grant supports RAND's work with several agencies, including the Los Angeles Police Department, the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department, and the Long Beach Police Department, on a two-year study to develop and test strategies for reducing youth and gang-related gun violence. Youth o Youth, General *Assessing Mental Health Problems Among Serious Delinquents California Youth Authority Rudy Haapanen $310,345 98-CE-VX-0024 A mental health assessment tool is being designed to gather information on the mental health status of wards entering State-level institutions. The assessment can be used by practitioners as a classification tool for youthful offender populations. Boot Camps for Juveniles: A Multisite Study University of Maryland, College Park Doris MacKenzie $48,063 96-SC-LX-0001 This award supports ongoing research on juvenile boot camp sites. Researchers are conducting 750 additional surveys, for a sample size of 2,659, and adding 15 sites to the research design. Classification for Juvenile Corrections University of Cincinnati Lawrence F. Travis $187,437 98-JB-VX-0108 Researchers are assessing a case classification instrument--the Youthful Level of Service Inventory--for use in case management and treatment of youthful offenders in Ohio. *Community Justice Conferences: Restorative Policing University of Maryland, College Park Lawrence Sherman $221,772 98-IJ-CX-0033 This research is examining whether community justice conferences, in which trained police officers bring together juvenile offenders, their victims, their families and friends, and the victims' families and friends, can be effective in a high-crime, inner-city neighborhood. The study also is examining the relative effectiveness of conferences versus court in reducing repeat offending among youth in Canberra, Australia. Evaluation of the Department of Correction Housing Program for Waived Juveniles in Ohio Abt Associates Inc. Dale Parent $191,976 98-CE-VX-0003 This research is evaluating a change in housing and program practices for waived juveniles in Ohio. The evaluation is assessing the impact on resident and staff behavior of a transition from a programmatically austere environment to a programmatically rich environment. Exploring Youth Violence: Risk and Protective Factors in Three Settings University of Southern California Cheryl Maxson $124,935 98-IJ-CX-0020 This study examines longstanding issues in the identification of risk and protective factors for involvement in adolescent violence. Good Kids in Bad Circumstances: A Longitudinal Analysis University of Cincinnati Michael G. Turner $19,633 98-IJ-CX-0026 Researchers are exploring why at-risk youths refrain from or are involved in only minor forms of delinquent behavior and how protective factors function to insulate high-risk youths from multiple adversities. Impact of Juvenile Sentencing Guidelines University of Utah Russel Van Fleet $200,000 98-JB-VX-0111 Researchers are assessing the effectiveness of the juvenile sentencing guidelines and early intervention mandates that the Utah legislature passed in 1997 to prevent young delinquents from becoming serious offenders. *Longitudinal Analysis of Recidivism Rates in Three California Youth Authority Parole Release Cohorts California Youth Authority Norman Skonovd $137,450 98-CE-VX-0026 This study is examining recidivism among several groups of released parolees selected from the most serious juvenile and youthful offenders incarcerated in California. *Maryland Department of Juvenile Justice Partnership to Study Waiver Effects University of Baltimore Jeffrey D. Senese $146,267 98-CE-VX-0018 This research explores the issues of juvenile waiver to adult criminal courts and the related sentencing outcomes and effects for juveniles in adult facilities in Maryland. Neighborhood and Family Contexts of Adolescent Girls' Delinquency Harvard University Dawn A. Obeidallah $49,505 98-IJ-CX-0044 In response to the rapidly increasing rates of delinquency among female adolescents, researchers are examining adolescent girls' delinquent behaviors and depressive symptoms with respect to family and neighborhood influences. Process and Outcome Evaluation of Prosecutorial Waiver to Criminal Court in Virginia Urban Institute Sanjeer Sridharan $194,803 98-JB-VX-0107 This research is evaluating the relationship between Virginia's statutes for transferring juveniles to adult courts and patterns of juvenile violent crime in recent years. Structured Decisionmaking for Alameda County Probation National Council on Crime and Delinquency Barry Krisberg $75,000 98-JB-VX-0109 Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness of the Alameda County, California, Probation's Juvenile Risk Assessment Classification System. Understanding Needs and Outcomes of Substance Abuse Treatment for Juvenile Offenders RAND Corporation Patricia Ebener $74,976 98-JB-VX-0112 This award supports the enhanced development, implementation, and analysis of a database developed by Phoenix House for routinely monitoring each client's drug treatment process and outcomes. Phoenix House is a nonprofit organization that runs drug treatment and prevention programs for adults and adolescents (including criminal offenders) in several States. Use of Risk Assessment in Achieving Accountability-Based Sanctions University of Michigan Rosemary Sarri $282,600 98-JB-VX-0110 This research is examining how judicial and correctional officials use--and how useful they find--risk assessment/needs classification for establishing accountability-based sanctions for juvenile offenders. *Youth-Police Interaction and the Implication for Coproduction of Safety in Chicago Chicago Alliance for Neighborhood Safety Warren Friedman $160,787 98-IJ-CX-0077 This study is investigating changes in youth attitudes toward the police between 1993 and 1999 to examine whether youth-police interactions have improved since the launching of the Chicago Alternative Policing Strategy. o Gangs Assessment of the Community Impact of Civil Gang Injunctions University of Southern California Cheryl Maxson $398,728 98-IJ-CX-0038 Researchers are assessing the effects of civil gang injunctions on targeted communities, including those implemented by law enforcement officials in the Los Angeles area to prohibit gang members from engaging in specific activities, such as carrying pagers and loitering at schools. Evaluation of G.R.E.A.T. University of Nebraska, Omaha Finn-Aage Esbensen $300,434 94-IJ-CX-0058 This award supports an ongoing longitudinal evaluation of the Gang Resistance Education and Training (G.R.E.A.T.) program, a school-based gang prevention curriculum taught by law enforcement officers. *Gang-Control Efforts in a Community Policing Environment: Developing Process and Impact Measures Police Executive Research Forum Deborah Weisel $229,484 98-IJ-CX-0083 Researchers are examining police responses to gang problems, specifically the gang-control activities carried out by gang units in Baltimore and San Diego and the outcomes of those activities. *Police Problem Solving Strategies for Dealing With Youth and Gang-Related Firearms RAND Corporation Peter Greenwood $397,789 98-IJ-CX-0043 This grant supports RAND's work with several agencies, including the Los Angeles Police Department, the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department, and the Long Beach Police Department, on a 2-year study to develop and test strategies for reducing youth and gang-related gun violence. *The Police Response to Gangs: A Multisite Study Arizona State University Charles Katz $163,532 98-IJ-CX-0078 This research aims to systematically describe, analyze, and evaluate the programs and activities used by specialized police gang units. Youth Groups and Gangs in Europe: A Joint American/European Workshop University of Southern California Malcolm W. Klein $9,931 98-IJ-CX-0027 This award supports a multinational workshop on coordinated approaches to street gang research in Europe. A final report will be prepared, summarizing knowledge about the gang situation in many European cities and presenting a research agenda for policy-relevant gang research.