Title: National Institute of Justice 2002 Annual Report
Series: Annual Report
Author: National Institute of Justice
Published: 2003
Subject: Child sexual abuse, child abuse and neglect, crime mapping, criminal
justice system, criminal investigation, drug testing, funding resources, gangs, gun
violence, juvenile victims, law enforcement communications, police weapons,
police equipment, technology in law enforcement, and terrorism and domestic
preparedness
57 pages
81,000 bytes

------------------------------

Figures, charts, forms, and tables are not included in this ASCII plain-text file.
To view this document in its entirety, download the Adobe Acrobat graphic file
available from this Web site or order a print copy from NCJRS at 800-851-
3420 (877-712-9279 for TTY users).

------------------------------

U.S. Department of Justice
Office of Justice Programs
National Institute of Justice

National Institute of Justice 2002 Annual Report

------------------------------

To the President, the Attorney General, and the Congress:

It is my honor to transmit the National Institute of Justice's annual report on
research, development, and evaluation for fiscal year 2002, pursuant to the
Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act (as amended) and the 1988
Anti-Drug Abuse Act.

Respectfully submitted,
Sarah V. Hart
Director, National Institute of Justice
Washington, D.C.

------------------------------

U.S. Department of Justice
Office of Justice Programs
810 Seventh Street, N.W.
Washington, DC 20531

John Ashcroft
Attorney General

Deborah J. Daniels
Assistant Attorney General

Sarah V. Hart
Director, National Institute of Justice

This and other publications and products of the National Institute of Justice can
be found on the World Wide Web at:

Office of Justice Programs
National Institute of Justice
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij

------------------------------

Table of Contents

Introduction

Highlights of the Year
o Responding to Terrorism
o Violence Against Women/Family Violence
o Using Science and Technology to Improve Criminal Justice
o Protecting Communities
o Helping Knowledge Travel Faster, Farther

Appendixes
o Appendix A: Financial Data
o Appendix B: NIJ Awards in FY 2002
o Appendix C: NIJ Publications and Products in FY 2002
o Appendix D: Web Site Statistics in FY 2002
o Appendix E: Key Conferences

------------------------------

Introduction

As the Department of Justice's research, development, and evaluation agency,
NIJ has always been a reliable source of the latest knowledge on criminal
justice. In 2002, NIJ developed seven agency-wide strategic goals in three
main areas: (1) creating knowledge and tools, (2) disseminating information,
and (3) managing the agency's programs. The seven goals are:

o Partner with State and local practitioners and policymakers to identify social
science research and technology needs.

o Create scientific, relevant, and reliable knowledge--with a particular emphasis
on terrorism, violent crime, drugs and crime, cost-effectiveness, and
community-based efforts--to enhance the administration of justice and public
safety.

o Develop affordable and effective tools and technologies to enhance the
administration of justice.

o Disseminate relevant knowledge and information in an understandable, timely,
and concise manner.

o Act as an honest broker to identify the information, tools, and technologies
that respond to the needs of stakeholders.

o Practice fairness and openness in the research and development process.

o Ensure professionalism, excellence, accountability, cost-effectiveness, and
integrity in the management and conduct of NIJ activities and programs.

In addition to these strategic goals, NIJ identified 10 high-priority subject areas:
law enforcement and policing; justice systems (sentencing, courts, prosecution,
and defense); corrections; investigative and forensic sciences (including DNA);
counterterrorism and critical incidents; crime prevention and causes of crime;
violence and victimization (including violent crimes); drugs, alcohol, and crime;
interoperability, spatial information, and automated systems; and program
evaluation.

These priority subject areas and strategic goals will help shape decisions about
the scope of future work and the dissemination of NIJ sponsored research,
information, and technologies. At the same time, NIJ will maintain the
flexibility to respond to emerging needs and to consider the merits of individual
projects that may contribute to other worthwhile goals.

In 2002, NIJ also bolstered its commitment to program evaluation. The Bureau
of Justice Assistance and the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency
Prevention, sister agencies under the Office of Justice Programs, each
developed an evaluation partnership with NIJ and transferred funds totaling
$5.3 million and $5.8 million respectively for NIJ to design and procure
outcome evaluations. The evaluations will help measure successes in programs,
pinpoint shortcomings, and inform future efforts to develop similar programs.

NIJ redesigned its print and electronic products in 2002 as part of an intensified
effort to make the knowledge it creates as relevant as possible to policymakers
and practitioners. The redesign resulted in a format that emphasizes clear and
concise writing with findings and implications stated up front. The redesign helps
ensure that research is presented for targeted audiences in a user-friendly
format.

NIJ will continue to provide objective, independent, evidence-based
knowledge and tools to enhance the administration of justice and public safety.
Its reorganization helps achieve this mission.

------------------------------

Highlights of the Year

Responding to Terrorism

As a result of the terrorist attacks of September 2001 and the subsequent
national and international battle against terrorism, NIJ expanded its focus on
and capacity to perform research on terrorism. For example, terrorism was
added as a specific category in the solicitation for investigator-initiated
research in 2002. Plans for a directed solicitation on terrorism research were
developed for 2003 funding. This section describes NIJ activities during 2002
that helped the Nation's public safety institutions be better prepared and
equipped to respond to a terrorist incident and to investigate terrorist
planning and activity.

Research on how terrorist organizations fund themselves

An effective strategy for combating terrorist networks is to choke off their
funding stream. Criminal organizations are often supported by systems or
networks of people who transfer money and other resources outside the
conventional, regulated financial institutions. These unregulated methods of
exchanging money and other commodities are called Informal Value Transfer
Systems. Although not necessarily illegal, they have come under scrutiny
because they are used by criminal enterprises, including terrorist networks. The
Treasury Department's Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (Fin-CEN)
funded a study of Informal Value Transfer Systems to fully understand their
mechanisms in this country and to construct effective intervention policies. NIJ
partnered with FinCEN to examine the international context in which these
unregulated value transfer systems develop and the experiences of other nations
that have long confronted them. Also in 2002, at the request of officials from
Customs, the FBI, and Fin-CEN, the research was expanded to develop
methods for identifying suspicious trade diversion transactions so that Federal,
State, and local regulatory and enforcement agencies can better target and
disrupt terrorist financial transfers.

Workshops on local law enforcement preparedness for terrorism

Local law enforcement plays a critical role in preparing for and responding to
terrorism. Local law enforcement officials must confront new demands placed
upon them in their efforts to effectively deal with the terrorist threat in their
jurisdictions. To assist local law enforcement in this effort, NIJ worked with the
Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) on a series of six
workshops on policing and terrorism. Each had a hands-on component
developed by COPS and a research component developed by NIJ. The titles
of the six workshops were:

o Improving Federal/Local Partnerships.

o Technology and Information Sharing.

o Intelligence Gathering and Analysis.

o Policing Muslim and Arab Communities.

o Community Policing and Terrorism.

o Local Law Enforcement Preparation for and Response to Terrorist Incidents.

The research component featured leading policing and other relevant
researchers who identified information gaps that could be addressed in future
NIJ-sponsored studies. The workshops helped NIJ develop a terrorism
research agenda that will support local law enforcement agencies in their efforts
to effectively counter the terrorist threat.

Helping to assess chemical facility vulnerability

Facilities that comprise the Nation's infrastructure are potential terrorist targets
and must be protected. NIJ released a special report in 2002 providing an
overview of a method to assess the security of chemical facilities within the
United States. The methodology identifies and assesses potential security
threats, risks, and vulnerabilities. It also guides the chemical facility industry in
making security improvements.

NIJ developed the vulnerability assessment methodology in collaboration with
the Department of Energy's Sandia National Laboratories, which has
developed vulnerability assessment methodologies for other critical
infrastructure components, including dams, water treatment and supply facilities,
correctional facilities, and nuclear facilities.

For more information:

o A Method to Assess the Vulnerability of U.S. Chemical Facilities,
Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice,
November 2002 (NCJ 195171),
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/pubs-sum/195171.htm.

Assessing first responder equipment

The men and women who first respond to the scene of a terrorist attack or
other critical incident face a multitude of dangers. It is crucial that first
responders be properly equipped. In the immediate aftermath of the terrorist
attacks of September 11, NIJ rushed to publication a series of draft guides for
first responder equipment. These guides provide key information for agencies to
consider when purchasing such equipment. During 2002, these publications
were among the most requested in NIJ's inventory, in both print and online
formats.

Personal protection equipment. This NIJ Guide discusses duration of
protection; dexterity, mobility, and launderability; and the use and/or reuse of
respiratory protection equipment, protective garments, and other protective
apparel, including boots, gloves, hoods, and lab coats.

Communication equipment. This NIJ Guide provides information on
communication equipment for use with chemical and biological protective
clothing and respiratory equipment. It presents an overview of communications
systems, discusses equipment characteristics and performance parameters, and
lists manufacturer-supplied details for 181 specific items.

Biological agent detection equipment. This guide identifies the four most
common classes of biological agents, discusses the challenges in detecting
biological agents, describes detection system components and technologies,
and outlines how to prepare for a biological incident.

Chemical and biological decontamination equipment. This guide provides
information on decontamination equipment for chemical agents, biological
agents, and toxic industrial materials. A survey of decontamination equipment
known to the authors is included. Brief technical discussions outline the
principles for operating such equipment effectively.

For more information:

o Guide for the Selection of Personal Protection Equipment for Emergency
First Responders, NIJ Guide 102-00,Washington, DC: U.S. Department of
Justice, National Institute of Justice, November 2002 (NCJ 191518),
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/pubs-sum/191518.htm.

o Guide for the Selection of Communication Equipment for Emergency First
Responders, NIJ Guide 104-00,Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice,
National Institute of Justice, February 2002 (NCJ 191160),
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/pubs-sum/191160.htm.

o An Introduction to Biological Agent Detection Equipment for Emergency
First Responders, NIJ Guide 101-00,Washington, DC: U.S. Department of
Justice, National Institute of Justice, December 2001 (NCJ 190747),
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/pubs-sum/190747.htm.

o Guide for the Selection of Chemical and Biological Decontamination
Equipment for Emergency First Responders, NIJ Guide 103-00,Washington,
DC: U.S. Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice, October 2001
(NCJ 189724), http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/pubs-sum/189724.htm.

Detecting bombs

NIJ continued its work developing and assessing equipment used for detecting
and removing bombs. The Bomb Technician Personal Digital Assistant puts a
wealth of information literally into the hands of a bomb technician at an incident.
Quick access to numerous manuals, charts, and publications in a wireless
palm-sized device gives bomb technicians an edge in performing their
dangerous tasks more safely and effectively. NIJ oversaw the development of a
prototype device that was used by Fairfax County, Virginia, bomb squad
technicians in their role as part of the security contingent at the 2002 Winter
Olympics in Salt Lake City, Utah.

NIJ sponsored a groundbreaking study to design a bomb robot built to the
specifications of practitioners on the front lines. A technical working group
helped define the specifications and identified shortfalls in the current generation
of bomb robots. The first commercial device built to meet the working group
specifications--called the Vanguard Robot--was introduced in 11 law
enforcement agencies in 2002 for testing and operation.

Securing aircraft

Airline safety became an issue of paramount concern in 2002. Could a stun gun
or other less-than-lethal device help a crew member thwart an onboard attack?
In FY 2002, Congress directed NIJ to assess the use of less-than-lethal
weapons aboard commercial aircraft as a means of incapacitating individuals
posing a clear and present danger. NIJ considered each of the six general
categories of less-than-lethal weapons in use or development:

o Electric shock.

o Chemical.

o Impact projectile.

o Physical restraint.

o Light.

o Acoustic.

Many characteristics of an airliner in flight--confined space, air that is
recirculated, critical electrical navigation and communication equipment, close
proximity of passengers--pose special challenges for each type of weapon.

NIJ's report concluded that electric shock systems, such as tasers or stun guns,
show the most promise for use within the confines of an aircraft, but that
substantial testing needs to be done to ensure that use of an electrical shock
device will not damage or disable critical flight systems. The report cautioned
that all of the weapon types pose safety or effectiveness issues that must be
thoroughly examined before any deployment is considered.

As Congress considered whether to allow properly trained pilots to have
access to firearms as a last line of defense, NIJ, at the request of the Federal
Aviation Administration, began developing performance standards for frangible
ammunition. Because frangible ammunition by nature more readily breaks into
smaller pieces on impact, it would be more suitable for use in an aircraft than
other ammunition types.

For more information:

o NIJ Director Sarah V. Hart's statement to the House Subcommittee on
Aviation, Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, summarizes the
report on less-than-lethal weapons (see
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/speeches/aviation.htm).

o NIJ's Standards and Testing Program is described at
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/sciencetech/st.htm.

Violence Against Women/Family Violence

Since passage of Title IV of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement
Act of 1994, NIJ has aggressively sought to identify and fill gaps in knowledge
related to violence against women and family violence. Research findings can
help bolster the ability of the criminal justice system to protect victims of
domestic violence.

When domestic violence and child maltreatment co-occur (Greenbook
initiative)

Too often, domestic violence and child maltreatment occur under the same
roof. Yet communities continue to treat violence against women and child
maltreatment within the same family as separate problems, addressed by
separate systems. As a result, the community response may not be as effective
as it could be. To address this, the National Council of Juvenile and Family
Court Judges released a report, entitled Effective Interventions in Domestic
Violence and Child Maltreatment: Guidelines for Policy and Practice,
nicknamed the Greenbook.

The Greenbook provides a series of recommendations on how to address
domestic violence and child maltreatment simultaneously. The goal is to give
courts, child welfare agencies, and domestic violence service organizations
more effective methods of responding to battered women and their maltreated
children.

An NIJ-backed effort applied Greenbook recommendations at six sites. A
national evaluation was begun in 2002 to measure whether the demonstration
sites' collaborative efforts result in system change. Four main areas were
targeted: identification of co-occurrence of domestic violence and child
maltreatment, collaborative planning and implementation, service system change
in policies and procedures, and service system integration.

For more information:

o A description of the Greenbook demonstration project is on NIJ's Violence
Against Women and Family Violence program Web page,
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/vawprog/demo_green.html.

Responding to campus sexual assault

National studies show that college women face a high risk of sexual
victimization. Previous NIJ-sponsored research estimated that for every 1,000
women attending a college or university, 35 rapes occur each academic year.
(See "For more information" below.)

Groundbreaking NIJ-sponsored research completed in 2002 provided the first
comprehensive, national-level investigation of how the Nation's colleges and
universities respond to student allegations of rape and sexual assault. The study
showed that schools have made progress developing explicit sexual assault
prevention and response policies, including making them accessible to students.
But only a quarter of all schools routinely use procedures for investigating
reports or collecting evidence once a report is made, and only a third use due
process procedures for the accused.

The study raised many important questions for college administrators about
how sexual assault is handled on their campuses. Although the study's findings
revealed some shortcomings in various campus sexual assault policies
throughout the Nation, it also provided several practical recommendations to
use in developing model sexual assault policies and prevention programs, such
as:

o Make victims' needs a first priority in the process.

o Develop a model sexual assault policy manual.

o Develop a model sexual assault education pamphlet for students.

o Develop model services for victims.

This study met the needs of college administrators, campus prevention
programmers, and campus law enforcement agencies by providing examples of
promising sexual assault programs and emerging policies and practices that are
already working to make campuses safer. The final report will be released in
2003.

For more information:

o Bonnie S. Fisher, Francis T. Cullen, and Michael G. Turner, The Sexual
Victimization of College Women, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice,
National Institute of Justice, December 2000 (NCJ 182369),
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/pubs-sum/182369.htm.

Transferring child protective investigations to law enforcement

Florida was the first State in the country to pass legislation to allow the entire
responsibility for child protective investigations to be transferred from the child
welfare system to the criminal justice system. NIJ research measured the
outcomes when responsibility for investigations was transferred to the Sheriffs'
Office. The research compared counties where the task was handled by child
welfare agencies with counties where it was handled by the sheriff. The aim was
to see if children are safer and whether there are impacts on other parts of the
child welfare system. Findings suggest there is no evidence that the transfer of
responsibility for child protection to law enforcement has an effect on children
or families, an important finding if such transfers become a trend because many
were concerned that law enforcement would not be as sensitive in handling such
cases, resulting in unintended harm. In fact, police officers developed greater
sensitivity toward child welfare cases after the transfer of responsibility, focusing
on how to help the families involved.

Research on the commercial sexual exploitation of children

Although the precise number of victims cannot be determined, NIJ research in
2002 estimated that more than 200,000 American children and youth are at
risk of commercial sexual exploitation each year. Researchers combined
interviews with 1,000 key informants with surveys of nearly 300 agencies that
serve child victims and their families to identify the nature and extent of child
sexual exploitation. Among the factors fueling child sexual exploitation are
prostitution by runaways, prior history of child sexual abuse or assault, poverty,
membership in gangs, organized crime recruitment of children for prostitution,
and illegal trafficking of children for sexual purposes to the United States from
developing countries.

The report offered a series of recommendations to strengthen the Nation's
capacity for protecting vulnerable youth from commercial sexual exploitation:
emphasize prevention, target the exploiters, enact tougher penalties and wield
existing laws more forcefully, and promote public-private partnerships and
multijurisdictional task forces to combat exploitation.

Using Science and Technology to Improve Criminal Justice

NIJ continued its leadership role in developing, testing, and evaluating
technology tools to assist criminal justice. Ongoing projects highlight the value
of technology in investigating crime, protecting officers and citizens, and
detecting illegal and dangerous materials.

Reducing the DNA testing backlog

Forensic DNA evidence can be a powerful tool to convict the guilty and to
exonerate the innocent. But as legislation increases the list of crimes for which
offender DNA samples must be collected and law enforcement becomes better
trained and equipped to collect DNA samples at crime scenes, the backlog of
samples awaiting testing throughout the criminal justice system will continue to
increase. NIJ explored ways to reduce the backlog and equip laboratories to
manage the influx of convicted offender samples and other casework.

Through the DNA Backlog Reduction Program, NIJ has funded the analysis of
almost 500,000 DNA samples taken from convicted offenders in 45 States
through fiscal year 2002. Since the program's inception in 2000, the analysis of
these samples has generated nearly 2,000 "hits," or matches, with crime scene
samples in the State and national DNA databases. Each hit can assist
investigators by linking related crimes, proving the innocence of a subject under
investigation or even convicted of the crime, or helping to bring a violent
criminal to justice.

To take advantage of economies of scale available from the private sector, NIJ
has worked with the States to pool samples for analysis by high-capacity
private DNA laboratories and by State and local laboratories in order to help
make analytic services available at a lower cost. NIJ also screens vendor
laboratories to ensure technical capability and quality control, taking this burden
off State and local laboratories. As a result, NIJ has reduced the average cost
of analysis per sample by more than 30 percent.

During 2002, NIJ restructured the Convicted Offender Backlog Reduction
Program to allow States to use private labs selected by the General Services
Administration and take advantage of their high capacities. The goal was to
make analytic services available more quickly and cost-effectively to State and
local laboratories.

For more information:

o Visit NIJ's program page on investigative and forensic sciences at
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/sciencetech/ifs.htm.

Detecting crack and other smokable forms of cocaine

Federal legislators have set more severe punishments for crack use and
trafficking than for powder cocaine use and trafficking. But a lab technician
testing an arrestee's urine sample for cocaine use would be unable to tell
whether or not the drug was smoked. That may soon change. In 2002, NIJ
staff, working with a commercial laboratory, announced the discovery that two
chemical byproducts of smoked cocaine can be detected through urinalysis.
The presence of either of these chemicals has been shown to accurately indicate
that cocaine was recently smoked.

Crack is the primary form of smokable cocaine and is considered by many law
enforcement officials to be more dangerous than powder cocaine. In addition to
being highly addictive, crack is associated with a multitude of social, economic,
and health problems.

Although the methodology needs further refining before large-scale testing can
be implemented, the ability to distinguish how cocaine is used will enable
researchers to verify the accuracy of self-reports in specific populations (e.g.,
juveniles) and to better analyze drug use trends in the effort to better understand
why treatment fails and arrestees recidivate. In addition, improved data could
help local officials track the spread of crack in areas where the drug is not well
established.

Technology to search, protect, and communicate

In 2002, NIJ continued to assess and test innovative technologies of practical
use to the criminal justice field and to assist in commercializing those
technologies that can improve criminal justice.

Seeing through walls. Soon law enforcement officers may have the ability to see
through solid walls. In 2002, NIJ oversaw the completion of a
second-generation prototype of through-the-wall personnel detection and
tracking radar. A number of similar devices are in the development and testing
stages. The devices use technology similar to that found in CAT scans or
ultrasound equipment to locate and track people through the walls of buildings.
If commercialized, such a device could greatly enhance the ability of police to
successfully resolve hostage situations.

Detecting weapons and drugs. A number of workable technologies are in use to
detect weapons at security checkpoints in airports, courts, prisons, and
schools. The current generation of devices is limited by a high number of false
positives. NIJ continued an assessment of a weapons detection portal in a New
York City high school. The portal shows the potential for developing a more
reliable system for distinguishing between dangerous weapons and innocuous
items such as coins or keys.

Another NIJ-sponsored experiment in 2002 tested drug detection technologies
for prison mail rooms. The equipment can help reduce the amount of illicit drugs
reaching prisoners in the Nation's prisons and jails.

Improving communications. NIJ continued initiatives to improve
communications within and among local and regional law enforcement agencies.
In 2002, a regional information sharing system for law enforcement was
launched in the Hampton Roads, Virginia, area. Another project led to the
development of a statewide secure counterterrorism Web site for the Florida
Department of Law Enforcement.

Search and rescue needs. NIJ began a project with the U.S. Department of
Energy's Savannah River Technology Center in 2002 to identify what
technology tools urban search-and-rescue teams can use to perform their job
more effectively. The Center collaborated with the Federal Emergency
Management Agency and practitioners to determine the needs of the field as a
first step in making those technologies available. Areas of interest include
robotics, communications, and technologies to locate individuals in rubble.

ID checks for inmates. Biometrics uses physical traits (such as fingerprints,
voice analysis, facial features, or eye patterns) to identify an individual. Can
biometrics be used effectively in a prison setting? NIJ teamed with the Space
and Naval Warfare Systems Center to conduct a biometrics field test at the
Naval Correctional Facility in Charleston, South Carolina. The project sought
to determine which biometric techniques work best in a prison or jail
environment and whether existing technologies need to be modified to meet the
special needs of prisons and jails.

Five different biometric technologies have been evaluated, with mixed results.
Preliminary results concluded that iris recognition is the most accurate method,
while facial recognition produces the most mismatches. But the project
underscored that biometrics is an emerging technology with limits. A corrections
administrator must weigh that fact and a number of other factors before
considering the viability of biometrics in a prison setting. What are the lighting
conditions? How many users will there be? Will the device be used overtly or
covertly? These and other factors will influence the effectiveness of any
technology implemented.

In 2002, NIJ continued a similar project to test biometrics in the Prince
Georges County, Maryland, jail.

For more information:

o To learn more about biometrics, visit the Biometrics Catalog at
http://www.biometricscatalog.org, developed with support from NIJ.

AGILE for interoperability

During natural disasters, high-speed pursuits, terrorist attacks, or other critical
incidents that span jurisdictional boundaries, the ability to communicate can be a
matter of life and death. NIJ's AGILE Program was developed to improve the
ability of State and local law enforcement agencies to communicate with one
another across agency and jurisdictional boundaries. In 2002, the AGILE
Program supported the National Task Force on Interoperability, a group
formed by 18 national associations representing State and local elected
and appointed officials and public safety personnel, with a stated goal of
improving interoperability among Federal, State, regional, and local government
and public safety agencies. Other AGILE activities in 2002 included:

o Funding the development of the Computer-Assisted Precoordination
Resource and Database System, which helps agencies in the same geographic
region coordinate the allotment of communications airwave frequencies and is
used in developing State or regional communication plans.

o Providing standards development and support for projects to improve
broadband communications, to use wireless technology, and to staff the
Nation's communications centers.

o Providing continued support to the National Public Safety
Telecommunications Council, the national voice for State and local public safety
communications issues.

o Managing a grant to the Capital Wireless Integrated Network, which is
creating the first multi-State, interjurisdictional integrated wireless network in
the United States.

For more information:

o Visit the AGILE Web site at http://www.agileprogram.org.

Protecting Communities

NIJ continued to explore strategies for keeping communities safe in 2002 by
giving communities evidence-based knowledge, innovative methods, and other
tools to help reduce crime and protect citizens.

Reducing firearms violence

Projects in Atlanta, Boston, Detroit, Indianapolis, Los Angeles, and St. Louis
have shown some success in targeting and reducing youth gun violence. These
six cities operated local projects designed to reduce firearm-related violence
and were funded by NIJ, the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services,
and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Lessons learned from these projects are chronicled in a series of publications
on reducing gun violence. The first one described Boston's Operation
Ceasefire. The second described the Indianapolis Police Department's Directed
Patrol Project, which showed that targeted patrol efforts can significantly
reduce violent crime. One area of the city, the East District, increased officer
contact with citizens, primarily through increased traffic enforcement. The North
District increased officer contact only with targeted individuals who police
suspected of being involved in illegal activities. The North District issued far
fewer citations, but made twice as many arrests per vehicle stopped and
discovered three times as many guns per stop compared to the East District.

Each subsequent report in the series will describe in detail the problem targeted;
the program designed to address it; the problems confronted in designing,
implementing, and evaluating the effort; and the strategies adopted in
responding to any obstacles encountered.

For more information:

o Edmund F. McGarrell, Steven Chermak, and Alexander Weiss, Reducing
Gun Violence: Evaluation of the Indianapolis Police Department's Directed
Patrol Project, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, National Institute
of Justice, November 2002 (NCJ 188740),
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/pubs-sum/188740.htm.

Understanding gangs and gang-related crime

Concern about gang-related homicide and violence has reemerged in the last
few years. For example, Los Angeles has witnessed a spike in gang-related
homicide. Police suspect that more than half of their 658 homicides in 2002
were gang-related. A particular problem in responding to gang-related violence
is the lack of valid baseline data on gang incidents. Without accurate
information on when and where gang crimes occur, it is difficult to evaluate the
effectiveness of anti-gang strategies.

In 2002, NIJ completed research on a regional gang incident tracking system
developed in Orange County, California, using geographic information systems
(GIS) technology. The system was designed to present a clearer picture of the
nature and scope of gang crime and to better track the success of prevention
and control efforts.

The research found that the gang incident tracking system presents a relatively
unbiased and complete picture of gang incidents handled by the police and that
police are not overestimating gang-related crime in Orange County, as some
suspected. Instead, the research found that law enforcement agencies tended
to underreport gang incidents to the tracking database.

The police logged an average of 3,000 gang-related incidents yearly between
1994 and 2000; about half of these were violent offenses, followed in
frequency by vandalism/graffiti, weapons violations, property crimes, and
narcotics sales. Trends in the timing and nature of incidents were found,
providing a valuable tool to law enforcement and others developing prevention
and enforcement strategies.

Other gang studies completed by NIJ covered topics such as gang prevention,
female involvement in gangs, youth gang violence problem solving, and links
between gangs and organized crime.

For more information:

o Winifred L. Reed and Scott H. Decker, eds., Responding to Gangs:
Evaluation and Research, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice,
National Institute of Justice, July 2002 (NCJ 190351),
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/pubs-sum/190351.htm.

Project Safe Neighborhoods

Project Safe Neighborhoods (PSN) is a comprehensive, multiagency
problem-solving Federal initiative designed to reduce firearms violence in each
of the 94 U.S. Attorney districts nationwide. Taking the most successful
elements of deterrence-based programs in Boston, Richmond, and 10 Strategic
Approaches to Community Safety Initiative (SACSI) cities, PSN represents a
"new way of doing business" for most criminal justice officials. For this reason,
training and technical assistance is critical to the successful implementation of
the PSN initiative. As a result, NIJ awarded a grant in 2002 to create a
"Project Safe Neighborhoods Academy" to provide this research-based
training and assistance.

Goals of the PSN academy include:

o Conducting regional training programs for PSN task forces and their research
partners.

o Producing online training modules to support the regional training and manage
an online help desk and information clearinghouse.

o Establishing a national cadre of researchers and practitioners with expertise in
the problem-solving model to provide technical assistance to the PSN sites as
needed.

o Developing a database of common enforcement and intervention activities,
measurement instruments, and violence indicator measures.

o Conducting case studies to identify lessons learned and promising
approaches.

o Coordinating activities among all the PSN partners and providing frequent
feedback to them on all aspects of academy activities and findings.

Helping Knowledge Travel Faster, Farther

Redesigning NIJ's print and electronic products

In 2002, NIJ improved its communications with the public by revising the way it
writes and presents its publications. NIJ placed greater emphasis on clear,
concise writing with a greater use of plain language and less use of jargon and
technical terms. Products more clearly state the relevance of the findings, and
distribution is better tailored to specific audiences of State and local
practitioners, policymakers, and researchers.

Part of the redesign involved changing the format of the printed documents and
the appearance of the Web. Complementary changes were made in the look of
CD covers, seminar flyers, conference materials, and other items.

Reaching out electronically

NIJ took steps in 2002 to become better equipped to reach its audience
electronically. Through the National Criminal Justice Reference Service
(NCJRS), NIJ maintains a list of registered users--individuals who have asked
to receive NIJ materials and have supplied their areas of interest, organizational
affiliation, job description, and address. By the end of 2002, 70 percent of
NIJ's 39,000 registered users had provided an email address in addition to a
regular mailing address. More and more of NIJ's audience was equipped and
willing to receive information electronically instead of through paper copy.

Spreading research results

Findings from NIJ research have always been available through the archives
and searchable database at NCJRS. In 2002, NIJ took steps to make all final
reports prepared by its grantees available online at the NCJRS Web site. In
addition, work began on scanning past grantee final reports so that they too are
available electronically.

For more information:

o Visit the NCJRS Web site, http://www.ncjrs.org.

------------------

National Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology Center

NIJ's National Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology Center
(NLECTC) provides technology assistance along with scientific and engineering
advice and support to State and local law enforcement and corrections
agencies. NLECTC activities during FY 2002 included:

Assistance to the Integrated Border Enforcement Teams. NLECTC helped the
Integrated Border Enforcement Teams identify current and emerging
technologies for border security applications in such areas as sensors and
surveillance, intrusion and human presence detection, geographic information
systems (GIS) and related crime mapping technologies, criminal information
sharing systems, and less-than-lethal technologies designed to stop boats and
other vehicles.

Assistance to the Metro Area Sniper Task Force. During the serial sniper
incident in the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area, NIJ--through the
NLECTC system--offered assistance to the Joint Operations Center, organized
by the Montgomery County, Maryland, Police Department to handle the
investigation. NLECTC provided hardware, software, and system installation
support for the analysis of investigative information; communications
interoperability support; and audio/video and timeline analysis.

Security at the Winter Olympic Games. To assist with security at the Winter
Olympic Games, NLECTC provided the U.S. Forest Service with five thermal
imagers to help ensure public safety through wide-area surveillance capability.

Technology evaluation. The NLECTC system continued to help State and local
agencies avoid costly and potentially harmful mistakes by evaluating
manufacturers' technology claims. Of note, the explosive detection capability of
the "MOLE" Programmable Detection System was tested, and the device was
found to "perform no better than a random selection process."

Mock Disaster. NLECTC sponsored the first annual Mock Disaster, which
provides comprehensive educational and operational training for emergency first
responders to help them plan for, evaluate, respond to, and mitigate large-scale
disasters.

For more information:

Visit the NLECTC Web page at http://www.justnet.org.

------------------------------

Appendixes

Appendix A: Financial Data

Exhibit 1: Trends in NIJ's Research and Development Portfolio, FY
1994-2002

Exhibit 2: Sources of NIJ Funds, in Millions, FY 1994-2002

Exhibit 3: Allocation of NIJ Funds as a Percentage of Total Expenditures, FY
2002

------------------------------

Appendix B: NIJ Awards in FY 2002 (includes first-time awards and
supplements to previous awards)

Community Justice

Community Mapping, Planning, and Analysis for Safety Strategy
Seattle, City of
Gerard Sidorowicz
$400,000
2000-IJ-CX-K001

Influences of Community Context on the Processing and Sentencing of Felony
Defendants in 54 U.S. Counties
University of Missouri
Noelle Fearn
$15,000
2002-IJ-CX-0003

Measuring the Impact of Collaboration on Community Safety Problem-Solving
Initiatives
Myra Wall Downing
$150,589
2002-IJ-CX-0024

Program on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods
Harvard College
Felton Earls
$230,000
1993-IJ-CX-K005

Research Partner: East Valley COMPASS (Crime Mapping, Planning, and
Analysis for Safety Strategies) Initiative
Police Foundation
Rachel Boba
$274,560
2002-MU-CX-K013

Strengthening and Rebuilding Tribal Justice Systems, Phase II
University of Arizona
Steven Cornell
$574,519
2002-MU-MU-0015

Corrections

Breaking the Cycle Demonstration Project
Jacksonville Department of Community Affairs
Harry Ivey, Jr.
$500,000
1998-IJ-CX-K013

Connecticut Correctional Health Research Program
University of Connecticut Health Center
Robert L. Trestman
$3,000,000
2002-IJ-CX-K009

Corrections and Law Enforcement Family Support: Corrections Field Test
Design
Abt Associates Inc.
David Hayeslip
$149,995
2000-FS-VX-K003

Evaluation of Drug Treatment at the State Correctional Institution at Chester:
A Partnership Between the Pennsylvania Department of Corrections,
Gaudenzia, Inc., and Temple University
Temple University
Wayne Welsh
$376,180
2002-RT-BX-1002

Evaluation of the Rhode Island Probation Specialized Domestic Violence
Supervision Unit
Council of State Governments/American Probation and Parole Association
Carl Wicklund
$300,000
2002-WG-BX-0011

Examination of Privatization in the Federal Bureau of Prisons
Abt Associates Inc.
Douglas McDonald
$239,078
1999-IJ-CX-K018

Geographic Tools to Improve Officer Safety in Correctional Institutions
Temple University
George F. Rengert
$397,394
2002-MU-MU-0016

Improving Correctional Officer Safety: Reducing Inmate Weapons
Johns Hopkins University
Donald Dow
$225,516
2002-IJ-CX-K017

Neuropsychological and Emotional Deficits Predict Correctional Treatment
Response
Research Triangle Institute
Diana Fishbein
$627,990
2002-MU-BX-0013

Providing Transitional Services to Improve Offender Outcomes
Vera Institute of Justice, Inc.
James Wilson
$375,000
2002-RT-BX-1001

Supermax Prisons
Urban Institute
Dan Mears
$298,127
2002-IJ-CX-0019

Working With Technology in Corrections
American Correctional Association
R.J. Verdeyen
$99,084
1996-LB-VX-K004

Courts

Evaluation of a Multisite Demonstration for Enhanced Judicial Oversight
Urban Institute
Adele Harrell
$1,700,000
1999-WT-VX-K005

Examining the Collateral Costs of Establishing Specialized Courts
Justice Management Institute
Douglas K. Somerlot
$300,000
2002-IJ-CX-K011

Testing the Effects of Selected Jury Trial Innovations on Juror Comprehension
of DNA Evidence
B. Michael Dann
$213,418
2002-IJ-CX-0026

Web-Based Automated System
Access Justice
Alan Kalmanoff
$175,000
2002-IJ-CX-K003

Crime Mapping

Development of an Offender Travel Model for Use in Metropolitan Crime
Mapping Systems and Its Integration Into the CrimeStat Spatial Statistics
Package
Ned Levine and Associates
Ned Levine
$111,974
2002-IJ-CX-0007

Robust Spatial Analysis Rare Crimes Modeling
Urban Institute
Avinash Bhati
$58,505
2002-IJ-CX-0006

Crime Prevention

Evaluation of Breaking the Cycle
Urban Institute
Adele Harrell
$9,999
1997-IJ-CX-0013

An Evidence-Based Review of Rape and Sexual Assault Preventive
Intervention Program
Research Triangle Institute
Shannon Morrison
$230,358
2002-WG-BX-0006

Rape Prevention Through Bystander Education University of New Hampshire
Victoria Banyard
$283,038
2002-WG-BX-0009

Screening for Co-Occuring Mental Health and Substance Abuse
University of Akron
Sonia A. Alemagno
$26,761
2002-IJ-CX-0028

Criminal Justice Research, General

Comparative Analysis of Structural Covariates of Female/Male Offending
Rates
Pennsylvania State University
Jennifer Schwarts
$20,000
2002-IJ-CX-0025

Enhancing Imputation Methodologies for County-Level UCR Data
University of Illinois
Michael Maltz
$49,611
2001-IJ-CX-0006

Drugs and Crime

Impact of Alcohol and Drug Use and Criminal Justice Involvement on the
Family
San Francisco State University
Bruce A. Macher
$29,171
2002-IJ-CX-0030

A Qualitative Study of Ecstacy Sellers
Scientific Analysis Corporation
Sheigla Murphy
$583,470
2002-IJ-CX-0018

International Crime

Corruption and the Rule of Law: Dealing With Cultural Differences in the
Former Soviet Union
George Mason University
Janine Wedel
$186,113
2002-IJ-CX-0017

NIJ-Rule of Law Transition Support Activities
Abt Associates Inc.
Terence Dunworth
$299,875
2001-IJ-CX-K002

Legislation, Policy, and Standards

Criminology and Public Policy
American Society of Criminology
Chris Eskridge
$165,917
2001-IJ-CX-0015

State Legislative Information and Training
National Conference of State Legislators
Donna Lyons
$43,312
2002-IJ-CX-0014

Policing

Policing, General

Investigation and Prosecution of Homicide Cases in the United States
Justice Studies, Inc.
Phyllis Newton
$643,349
2002-IJ-CX-0021

Policing in the United States: Developing a Comprehensive Model
Illinois State University
L. Edward Wells
$34,955
2002-IJ-CX-0016

Family Support and Stress Management

Correction Officer Stress Management
New Jersey Department of Corrections
William Hepner
$97,014
2001-LT-BX-K013

Corrections and Law Enforcement Family Support: Law Enforcement Field
Test Supplement
Abt Associates Inc.
David Hayeslip
$150,000
2000-FS-VX-K004

Iowa Department of Corrections Staff and Family Support Program
Iowa Department of Corrections
Larry Brimeyer
$100,000
2001-LT-BX-K012

Law Enforcement and Family Stress
Duluth, City of
Peg Johnson
$100,000
2001-FS-BX-K002

North Miami Beach Police "SOS" Stop Our Stress
North Miami Beach, City of
Venetia Coffey
$80,985
2001-FS-BX-K003

Wisconsin Youth Counselor Stress Reduction Program
Wisconsin Department of Corrections
Shelly Hagan
$100,000
2001-FS-BX-K001

Schools

Safe Kids, Safe Schools: Evaluating the Use of Iris Recognition Technology
21st Century Solutions
Craig Uchida
$148,997
2002-RD-CX-K002

Safe Schools, Law Enforcement, and Corrections Research Support
George Mason University
Stephen D. Mastrofski
$149,933
2000-RD-CX-K003

School Safety Web-Based Curriculum for Six Target Audiences
Johns Hopkins University
Jocelyn Bauer
$1,398,799
2002-RD-CX-K001

Teacher-Parent Authorization Security System (T-PASS)
Plumstead Township Board of Education
Philip J. Meara
$293,360
2002-RD-CX-K005

Sentencing

Investigation and Prosecution of Homicide: Examining the Federal Death
Penalty System
Rand Corporation
Stephen Klein
$1,332,979
2002-IJ-CX-0022

Of Fragmentation and Ferment: State Sentencing and Correction
Vera Institute of Justice
James Wilson
$268,383
2002-IJ-CX-0027

Relationship Between Race, Ethnicity, and Sentencing Outcome
University of Maryland--College Park
Ojmarrh Mitchell
$85,507
2002-IJ-CX-0020

Technology Development

Officer Protection and Crime Prevention Technologies

Build a Prototype Optical Recognition System to Identify and Track Stolen
Vehicles Using License Plate Reading Techniques
G2 Tactics
Andrew J. Bucholz
$156,773
2002-LT-BX-K006

Center for Criminal Justice Technology
Mitretek Systems, Inc.
Steven Pomerantz
$1,999,744
2001-LT-BX-K002

Fighting Crime With Advanced Technologies
Georgia State University
Robert Friedmann
$3,051,999
2002-RG-CX-K005

Southwest Border States Anti-Drug Information System
Criminal Information Sharing Alliance
Glen Gillum
$4,100,000
1997-LB-VX-K009

Testing of Riot Helmets and Face Shields
Aspen Systems Corporation
Richard Rosenthal
$3,512,330
1996-MU-MU-K011

To Develop a Comprehensive Suite of "New Technology"
Association of Public Safety Communications Officials International, Inc.
Craig M. Jorgensen
$150,000
1997-LB-VX-K002

Investigative and Forensic Sciences

Forensics and Crime Labs, General

ASCLD/LAB Forensic Laboratory Accreditation Expansion
American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors
Frank Fitzpatrick
$140,556
2002-LT-BX-K004

Ballistics Matching Using 3D Images of Bullets and Cartridge Cases
Intelligent Automation, Inc.
Benjamin Bachrach
$550,000
1997-LB-VX-0008

Central Gulf Coast Regional Computer Forensics Lab Project
University of New Orleans
Danielle Trapagnier
$1,000,000
2002-LP-CX-K004

City of Bellevue Police Department Forensic Services Unit Crime Lab
Improvement Project
Bellevue, City of
Carl Nicoll
$648,570
2002-RC-CX-K003

Conference on Medicolegal Death Investigation Systems
National Academy of Sciences
Linda M. Kilroy
$74,986
2002-LT-BX-K002

Crime Laboratory Improvement Program--Iowa
Iowa Department of Public Safety
Jerry L. Brown
$947,910
2002-RC-CX-K002

Crime Laboratory Improvement Program--Mississippi
Mississippi Department of Public Safety
Kenneth Winter
$99,780
2002-RC-CX-K004

Crime Laboratory Improvement Program--Ohio
Ohio Attorney General Bureau of Criminal Identification and Investigation
Roger Kahn
$799,573
2002-LP-CX-K007

Crime Laboratory Improvement Program--Rhode Island
University of Rhode Island
Franca Cirelli
$449,010
2002-RC-CX-K005

Crime Laboratory Improvement Program--South Carolina
South Carolina Law Enforcement Division
Lisa Nine
$2,494,500
2000-RC-CX-0023

Crime Laboratory Improvement Program--Wisconsin
Wisconsin Department of Justice
Jerome Geurts
$661,000
2002-RC-CX-K001

Detection of Date Rape Drugs by Capillary Electrochromatography Using
Monolithic Polymer Columns
Ohio University
Bruce McCord
$183,206
2002-MU-MU-K002

Development of Statistical Methods for Estimating a Minimum Postmortem
Interval: An Evaluation Using Insect Growth Data
University of Alabama--Birmingham
Jeffrey Wells
$219,450
2002-LT-BX-K001

Digital Photography
Iowa Governor's Office of Drug Control Policy
Dennis Wiggins
$33,182
2002-DN-BX-0019

Expanding the Use and Deployment of Imaging Systems in Law Enforcement
Institute for Forensic Imaging Foundation, Inc.
Herbert Blitzer
$200,000
2002-RG-CX-K004

Forensic Laboratory Improvement for the State of Alabama
Alabama Department of Economic and Community Affairs
James H. Fry
$50,676
2002-DN-BX-1001

Gene Polymorphism and Human Pigmentation
University of Arizona
Murray Brilliant
$496,053
2002-IJ-CX-K010

Improving Crime Lab Evidence Analysis and Efficiency in Utah
Utah Commission on Criminal and Juvenile Justice
Richard Ziebarth
$29,178
2002-DN-BX-0049

Improving Forensic Science Capabilities in the State of Vermont
Vermont Department of Public Safety
Eric Buel
$29,178
2002-DN-BX-0050

Marshall University Forensic Science Center
Marshall University Research Corporation
Ron Schelling
$3,493,218
2001-RC-CX-K002

Mid-Infrared Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy System for Law Enforcement
Applications
BlueLeaf Networks
Thomas G. Owano
$299,932
2002-MU-CX-K008

National Center for Forensic Science
University of Central Florida
Carrie Whitcomb
$1,274,883
1998-IJ-CX-K003

National Forensic Science Institute
University of Tennessee--Knoxville
Michael L. Sullivan
$1,000,000
2002-LP-CX-K006

National Forensic Sciences Improvement Act (NFSIA): Increasing
Productivity in the Crime Lab Division
North Dakota, State of
Hope Olson
$29,178
2002-DN-BX-0038

Nontoxic Drug Detection and Identification Technology Research Program
Mistral Security, Inc.
Eyal Banai
$449,991
2000-RD-CX-K004

Paul Coverdell National Forensic Sciences Improvement Act (NFSIA)
Grant--FY2002
New York State Division of Criminal Justice Services
John W. Hicks
$215,802
2002-DN-BX-0036

Paul Coverdell National Forensic Sciences Improvement Act (NFSIA): Quality
System Support Project
Colorado Division of Criminal Justice
Randy R. Kennedy
$50,146
2002-DN-BX-0008

Proficiency Testing and Procedure Validation for Forensic Document
Examiners
Drexel University
Moshe Kam
$296,226
2002-LT-BX-K008

Quantitative Assessment of Handwriting
State University of New York--Albany
Sargur Srihari
$298,237
2002-LT-BX-K007

Questioned Document Examination by Laser Desorption Mass Spectrometry
Michigan State University
John Allison
$212,733
2002-RB-CX-K002

Service Quality in Crime Laboratories
National Forensic Science Technology Center
William J. Tilstone
$8,846,086
2000-RC-CX-K001

2002 Forensic Crime Laboratory Improvement Program
South Carolina Law Enforcement Division
Lisa Nine
$1,750,000
2002-LP-CX-K002

Biometrics and Smart Gun Technology

Application of Frequency-Based Coding to Smart Gun Technology
Technology Next, Inc.
Irene Vershinin
$175,856
2002-IJ-CX-K006

Creation of a Smart Gun With Radio Frequency Identification
VLe Small Arms
Arthur D. Schatz
$185,000
2002-IJ-CX-K021

Development of a Human Skin Biometric Identification System for Authorized
User Only Handguns
Smith & Wesson
Kevin G. Foley
$590,884
2002-IJ-CX-K004

Face Recognition and Intelligent Software Development
Analytic Services, Inc.
Timothy Floyd
$1,797,767
1998-LB-VX-K021

Optical Methods for Authorized Handgun User Recognition
Exponent, Inc.
Phillip Whitley
$187,598
2002-IJ-CX-K012

Personalized Firearm Research and Review of Biometric Technology
iGun Technology Corporation
Jonathan Mossberg
$299,389
2002-IJ-CX-K002

Squad Car Unit Identification Program
Ontario, City of
Steven R. Duke
$1,800,000
2002-RG-CX-K006

Virginia Electronic Fingerprint Archive System
Virginia Department of State Police
Gunnar G. Kohlbeck
$250,000
2002-LP-CX-K005

DNA

Assessment and In Vitro Repair of Damaged DNA Templates
University of Central Florida
Mary B. Stanley
$115,123
2002-IJ-CX-K001

A Chip-Based Genetic Detector of Rapid Identification of Individuals
Nanogen, Inc.
David Yenter
$1,700,000
1997-LB-VX-0004

DNA Backlog Reduction
Arkansas State Crime Laboratory
Kenneth H. Michau
$60,000
2002-LP-CX-K001

International Association of Chiefs of Police DNA Summit
International Association of Chiefs of Police
John Firman
$30,000
2002-VF-GX-K014

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001
Alabama Department of Forensic Sciences
J.C. Upshaw Downs
$690,246
2002-DN-BX-K024

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001
Albuquerque, City of
John Krebsbach
$550,245
2002-DN-BX-K008

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001
Arizona Department of Public Safety
Todd Griffith
$1,052,282
2002-DN-BX-K016

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001
Connecticut Department of Public Safety
Elaine M. Pagliaro
$117,163
2002-DN-BX-K004

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001
Delaware Health and Social Services
Daniel E. Katz
$129,413
2002-DN-BX-K025

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001
Florida Department of Law Enforcement
Suzanne Livingston
$2,795,086
2002-DN-BX-K006

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001
Illinois State Police
Sandra Nelson-Brown
$500,000
2002-DN-BX-K005

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001
Indiana State Police
Paul Misner
$303,558
2002-DN-BX-K015

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001
Institute of Forensic Sciences
Carmen Tirado
$131,678
2002-DN-BX-K020

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001
Kansas Bureau of Investigation
Kyle G. Smith
$377,176
2002-DN-BX-K019

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001
Kentucky State Police
Leslie Gannon
$291,543
2002-DN-BX-K013

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001
Maine State Police
Timothy D. Kupferschmid
$376,554
2002-DN-BX-K003

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001
Maryland State Police
Ken Hasenei
$5,048,669
2002-DN-BX-K014

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001
Massachusetts State Police
Carl M. Selavka
$917,030
2002-DN-BX-K022

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001
Michigan State Police--Forensic Science Division
Charles Barna
$1,471,170
2002-DN-BX-K011

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001
Missouri State Highway Patrol
T.J. Luikart
$348,412
2002-DN-BX-K017

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001
Nebraska State Patrol
Gale Griess
$226,494
2002-DN-BX-K018

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001
New Hampshire Department of Safety
Melisa Staples
$71,716
2002-DN-BX-K001

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001
New Jersey Department of Law and Public Safety
Linda Jankowski
$286,805
2002-DN-BX-K007

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001
New York State Division of Criminal Justice Services
John W. Hicks
$5,039,535
2002-DN-BX-K021

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001
Ohio Attorney General Bureau of Criminal Identification and Investigation
Roger Kahn
$2,254,088
2002-DN-BX-K009

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001
Oklahoma State Bureau of Investigation
Charles Curtis
$500,000
2002-DN-BX-K010

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001
Texas Department of Public Safety
J. Ronald Urbanovsky
$3,379,688
2002-DN-BX-K012

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001
Vermont Department of Public Safety
Eric Buel
$20,829
2002-DN-BX-K002

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001
Wisconsin Department of Justice
Jerry Geurts
$1,633,000
2002-DN-BX-K023

Novel STR Multiplexes With Reduced Size to Analyze DNA
Ohio University
Bruce McCord
$453,110
2002-IJ-CX-K007

Program Acceleration/Enhancements for Microdevice DNA Forensics System
Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research
Daniel J. Ehrlich
$499,342
1998-LB-VX-K022

Quantitation of DNA for Forensic DNA Typing by qPCR
California Department of Justice
Eva Steinberger
$126,821
2002-IJ-CX-K008

Research and Development of Comprehensive Statistical Data
Smith Alling Lane, PS
Timothy Schellberg
$207,317
2002-LT-BX-K003

Simple, Rapid, and Accurate Quantitation of Human DNA
Vermont Department of Public Safety
Eric Buel
$124,970
2000-IJ-CX-K012

SNP Detection in Highly Degraded DNA
University of California--Berkeley
George Sensabaugh
$215,322
2002-IJ-CX-K005

Less-Than-Lethal Incapacitation

Feasibility Study of a Finite Element Model to Assess Less-Than-Lethal
Munitions
Wayne State University
Cynthia Bir
$130,889
2002-LT-BX-K005

Multisensor Grenade and Field Evaluation
Scientific Applications and Research Associates, Inc.
Lexi Donne
$125,821
2002-IJ-CX-K014

Multishot Launcher With Advanced Less-Than-Lethal Ring Airfoil Projectiles
Vanek Prototype Co.
Chester F. Vanek
$339,000
2002-IJ-CX-K015

Nonlethal Technologies, Inc., Road Sentry [trademark] Improvement
Nonlethal Technologies, Inc.
Bradley X. Boyer
$100,000
2002-LT-BX-K009

Penetration Assessment of Less-Than-Lethal Munitions
Wayne State University
Cynthia Bir
$202,274
2002-IJ-CX-K020

Performance Characterization Study of Noise-Flash Diversionary Device
E-LABS, Inc.
Ronald B. Rise
$151,000
2002-DT-CX-K001

Variable-Range Less-Lethal Ballistic, Phase II
Law Enforcement Technologies, Inc.
Greg B. MacAleese
$285,421
2002-MU-MU-K007

Communication and Information Technologies

Accelerated Information Sharing for Law Enforcement
National Law Enforcement Telecommunication System
Steven E. Correll
$650,000
2002-MU-MU-K005

Advanced Generation Interoperability for Law Enforcement Technology
University of Denver Colorado Seminary
Robert Epper
$1,588,460
2001-RD-CX-K001

Capital Wireless Integrated Network (CapWIN)
University of Maryland--College Park
George Ake
$19,246,249
2001-RB-CX-K001

Capital Wireless Integrated Network (CapWIN) External Policy Development
Research
George Mason University
Roger Stough
$472,500
2002-TE-CX-K002

Completion of Statewide Interagency Communications System
South Dakota Highway Patrol
Thomas Dravland
$6,499,669
2002-RG-CX-K002

Distributed COPLINK Database and Concept Space Development
Tucson, City of
Jennifer Schroeder
$250,000
2000-RB-CX-K001

Handheld Front-End for an Enhanced Speech-to-Forms Translation System
Language Systems, Inc.
Christine Montgomery
$301,846
1999-LT-VX-K025

Handheld Software Radio for Interoperability
Andrew D. Beard
$144,252
2002-RD-CX-K004

Indiana Hoosier Safe-T Project
Indiana State Police
Lester Miller
$3,000,000
2001-LT-BX-K003

International Association of Chiefs of Police Technology Information Exchange:
Phase III
International Association of Chiefs of Police
John Firman
$275,000
1999-LT-VX-K004

JCIT/InfraLynx Operational Assessment
Johns Hopkins University--Applied Physics Laboratory
Vanu, Inc.
Nicole Nicholson
$90,877
2002-RD-CX-K003

Law Enforcement Data Mining Analytical Tools
University of Maryland--College Park
Thomas H. Carr
$1,470,000
1999-LT-VX-K010

Prehospital, Emergency Medical Services, and Emergency Department
Information Interoperability Project for Arlington County
Silva Consulting Services, LLC
John S. Silva
$148,132
2002-RD-CX-K006

Public Safety Partnership/Project Mesa
Telecommunication Industry Association
Dan Bart
$150,000
2002-RG-CX-K008

State Leadership in Public Safety Wireless Interoperability
National Governors' Association Center for Best Practices
Thom Robel
$150,000
2002-RG-CX-K001

Statewide LAWNET Communications Project
New Hampshire Department of Safety
Frederick H. Booth
$4,000,000
2001-MU-MU-K010

2002 Radio/Communication System Upgrade
South Carolina Law Enforcement Division
Lisa Nine
$3,000,000
2002-RG-CX-0005

Training and Simulation Technologies

Development of Distance Learning Capability
National Corrections and Law Enforcement Training and Technology Center
G. Steve Morrison
$900,000
2001-LT-BX-K007

Law Enforcement Technology Dissemination and Training
Eastern Kentucky University
James Thurman
$221,164
2000-MU-MU-K008

Program Assessment, Policy, and Coordination

Project of the Surplus Property Program
Ultimate Enterprises Limited
Michael Simpson
$246,000
1996-LB-VX-K002

Technology and Policy Assessment Executive Panel
SEASKATE, Inc.
E.A. Burkhalter, Jr.
$533,978
2001-MU-MU-K003

Technology and Policy Assessment Liability Task Group
SEASKATE, Inc.
E.A. Burkhalter, Jr.
$139,681
2001-MU-MU-K001

Technology Assistance

Cooperative Truck Stopping
Aerospace Corporation
Robert Waldron
$2,006,996
2000-MU-MU-K004

Operation of the Office of Law Enforcement Technology Commercialization
Wheeling Jesuit University
Carole Coleman
$2,793,795
1998-IJ-CX-K002

Operations of the National Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology
Center--Rocky Mountain Region
University of Denver Colorado Seminary
James Keller
$2,061,832
1996-MU-MU-K012

Project Safe Neighborhoods Academy: Proposal to Provide Technical
Assistance
Michigan State University
Edmund McGarrell
$898,233
2002-GP-CX-1003

Rural Law Enforcement Technology Center
Eastern Kentucky University
Pam Collins
$1,529,000
2001-MU-MU-K009

Support Services for the National Interoperability Task Force
Center for Technology Commercialization, Inc.
James Scutt
$275,528
2001-LT-BX-K011

Technology Conference/Force Protection Equipment Demonstration Project
Support
Center for Technology Commercialization, Inc.
James Scutt
$507,843
1999-LT-VX-K021

Transportation/Information Technology Research Program to Support Capital
Wireless Integrated Network (CapWIN)
University of Virginia
B.L. Smith
$472,500
2002-TE-CX-K001

Terrorism and Critical Incidents

Counterterrorism and Cybersecurity Research and Development
Dartmouth College
Michael Vatis
$35,960,400
2000-DT-CX-K001

Critical Incident Response Toolset Project
South Carolina Research Authority
Linda Thomas
$7,591,187
2002-MU-MU-K011

Impact of Economic, Political, and Social Variables on Incidents of World
Terrorism
University of Maryland--College Park
Gary LaFree
$172,331
2002-DT-CX-0001

Informal Value Transfer Systems, Terrorism, and Money Laundering
Temple University
Nickolaos Passas
$119,443
2002-IJ-CX-0001

Learning From 9/11: Comparative Case Studies of the Law Enforcement
Response in New York
Police Executive Research Forum
Gerald Murphy
$281,466
2002-IJ-CX-0013

New York University Center for Catastrophe Preparedness Response
New York University
Robert Berne
$7,000,000
2002-DT-CX-K002

Oklahoma City National Memorial Institute for the Prevention of Terrorism
Dennis Reimer
$17,355,400
2000-DT-CX-K0002

Roundtable on Social and Behavioral Sciences and Terrorism
National Academy of Sciences
Carol Petrie
$200,000
2002-IJ-CX-0015

Unemployment and Crime

Consequences of a Criminal Record for Employment Opportunity
University of Wisconsin--Madison
Devah Pager
$15,000
2002-IJ-CX-0002

Spatial and Temporal Linkages Between Unemployment and Crime
Westat, Inc.
Sanjeev Sridharan
$53,610
2002-IJ-CX-0010

Victimization and Victim Services

Assessment of the State Victim Assistance Academy
Caliber Associates
Janet Griffith
$390,000
2002-VF-GX-0001

Criminal Justice Effects of Resource Rape Services
Sexual Assault and Trauma Center of Rhode Island
Pam Langhammer
$159,614
2002-WG-BX-0007

Evaluation of Services for Trafficking Victims Discretionary Grant Program
Caliber Associates
Heather Clawson
$485,663
2002-MU-MU-K004

Reducing Repeat Sexual Assault Victimization: Design and Testing of a Risk
Reduction Program in an Urban Sample
Vera Institute of Justice, Inc.
Robert C. Davis
$299,990
2002-WG-BX-0008

Violence

Violence Against Women and Family Violence

Co-Occuring Intimate Partner Violence and Child Maltreatment
Children's Research Institute
Kelly J. Kelleher
$399,774
2002-WG-BX-0014

Domestic Violence Against Older Women
Florida International University
Burton D. Dunlop
$337,973
2002-WG-BX-0010

Employment, Family, and Social Consequences of Intimate Partner Violence: A
Longitudinal Analysis of Impact Over Time
University of Maryland--College Park
Laura Dugan
$31,234
2002-IJ-CX-0012

Evaluation of a Multisite Demonstration of Collaborations to Address Domestic
Violence and Child Maltreatment
Caliber Associates
Sharon Bishop
$749,448
2000-MU-MU-0014

Experience of Violence in the Lives of Homeless Women
University of Central Florida
James Wright
$326,033
2002-WG-BX-0013

Intimate Partner Violence During Visitation: A Longitudinal Study of
Supervised and Unsupervised Access
Safe Horizon, Inc.
Chris O'Sullivan
$198,946
2002-WG-BX-0012

Patterns of Violence Against Women: Risk Factors and Consequences
University of Minnesota
Ian Macmillan
$33,594
2002-IJ-CX-0011

Police Intervention and the Repeat of Domestic Assault
Pennsylvania State University
Richard Felson
$34,867
2002-WG-BX-0002

Sexual Assault Among Intimates: Frequency, Consequences, and Treatments
Texas Woman's University
Judith McFarlane
$254,322
2002-WG-BX-0003

Sexual Assault During and After Separation/Divorce: An Exploratory Study
Ohio University
Walter DeKeseredy
$104,832
2002-WG-BX-0004

Firearms

Biomechanical Assessment of Blunt Ballistic Impacts to the Abdomen
Wayne State University
Cynthia Bir
$318,253
2002-MU-CX-K006

Firearm Markets and Firearm Violence
University of California--Davis
Garen Wintemute
$250,000
2002-IJ-CX-0005

YOUTH

Adolescent Victimization and Offending: Specifying the Role of Peer Groups
Pennsylvania State University
Jennifer Shaffer
$20,000
2002-IJ-CX-0008

Breaking the Cycle Project for Juveniles
Lane County Department of Youth Services
Stephen Carmichael
$1,000,000
1999-IJ-CX-K017

Correlates and Consequences of Juvenile Exposure to Violence
Kansas State University
Stacey Nofziger
$34,980
2002-IJ-CX-0004

Risk Management of Sexually-Reactive Children and Adolescents
Justice Resource Institute, Inc.
Robert Prentky
$284,780
2002-IJ-CX-0029

------------------------------

Appendix C: NIJ Publications and Products in FY 2002

Most NIJ materials are free and can be obtained from these three sources:

1. NIJ Web page: http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij.

2. National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS): http://www.ncjrs.org,
800-851-3420, P.O. Box 6000, Rockville, MD 20849-6000.

3. (For science and technology materials) National Law Enforcement and
Corrections Technology Center (NLECTC): http://www.justnet.org,
800-248-2742.

Corrections

The I-ADAM in Eight Countries: Approaches and Challenges, Taylor, Bruce,
Progress Report, May 2002, 170 pages, NCJ 189768.

Implementing Telemedicine in Correctional Facilities, Nacci, Peter L., C. Allan
Turner, Ronald J. Waldron, and Eddie Broyles, Research Report, May 2002,
57 pages, NCJ 190310.

Courts

Documenting Domestic Violence: How Health Care Providers Can Help
Victims, Isaac, Nancy E., and V. Pualani Enos, Research in Brief, September
2001, 10 pages, NCJ 188564.

The Second Annual National Conference on Science and the Law: Summary of
Proceedings, Research Forum, June 2002, 56 pages, NCJ 191717.

Crime Prevention

Community Policing and the "New Immigrants": Latinos in Chicago, Skogan,
Wesley G., Lynn Steiner, Jill DuBois, J. Erik Gudell, and Aimee Fagan,
Research Report, July 2002, 19 pages, NCJ 189908.

Reducing Gun Violence: The Boston Gun Project's Operation Ceasefire,
Kennedy, David M., Anthony A. Braga, Anne M. Piehl, and Elin J. Waring,
Research Report, September 2001, 60 pages, NCJ 188741.

Taking Stock: Community Policing in Chicago, Skogan, Wesley G., Lynn
Steiner, Jill DuBois, J. Erik Gudell, and Aimee Fagan, Research Report, July
2002, 28 pages, NCJ 189909.

Drugs and Crime

The I-ADAM in Eight Countries: Approaches and Challenges, Taylor, Bruce,
Progress Report, May 2002, 170 pages, NCJ 189768.

Toward a Drugs and Crime Research Agenda for the 21st Century, Research
Forum, June 2002, NCJ 194616.

Investigative Sciences

Second Annual National Conference on Science and the Law: Summary of
Proceedings, Research Forum, May 2002, 56 pages, NCJ 191717.

Test Results for Disk Imaging Tools: dd GNU fileutils 4.0.36, Provided With
Red Hat Linux 7.1, Special Report, August 2002, 57 pages, NCJ 196352.

Law Enforcement

Community Policing and the "New Immigrants": Latinos in Chicago, Skogan,
Wesley G., Lynn Steiner, Jill DuBois, J. Erik Gudell, and Aimee Fagan,
Research Report, July 2002, 19 pages, NCJ 189908.

Fighting Crime With COPS and Citizens, June 2002,
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/pubs-sum/cops.htm.

Guide for the Selection of Chemical Agent and Toxic Industrial Material
Detection Equipment for Emergency First Responders, Volumes 1 and 2, NIJ
Guide 100-00, November 2001, 74 pages (Volume 1), 494 pages (Volume
2), NCJ 184449 and 184450.

Guide for the Selection of Communication Equipment for Emergency First
Responders, Volumes 1 and 2, NIJ Guide 104-00, February 2002, 64 pages
(Volume 1), 422 pages (Volume 2), NCJ 191160 and 191161.

Introduction to Biological Agent Detection Equipment for Emergency First
Responders, NIJ Guide 101-00, NIJ Guide, December 2001, 53 pages, NCJ
190747.

Pepper Spray's Effects on a Suspect's Ability to Breathe, Chan, Theodore C.,
Gary M. Vilke, Jack Clausen, Richard Clark, Paul Schmidt, Thomas Snowden,
and Tom Neuman, Research in Brief, December 2001, 8 pages, NCJ 188069.

Reducing Gun Violence: The Boston Gun Project's Operation Ceasefire,
Kennedy, David M., Anthony A. Braga, Anne M. Piehl, and Elin J. Waring,
Research Report, September 2001, 60 pages, NCJ 188741.

Satisfaction With Police--What Matters? Reisig, Michael D., Research Report,
October 2002, 11 pages, NCJ 194077.

Selection and Application Guide to Personal Body Armor, NIJ Guide,
November 2001, 121 pages, NCJ 189633.

Taking Stock: Community Policing in Chicago, Skogan, Wesley G., Lynn
Steiner, Jill DuBois, J. Erik Gudell, and Aimee Fagan, Research Report, July
2002, 28 pages, NCJ 189909.

Research and Evaluation

Community Policing and the "New Immigrants": Latinos in Chicago, Skogan,
Wesley G., Lynn Steiner, Jill DuBois, J. Erik Gudell, and Aimee Fagan,
Research Report, July 2002, 19 pages, NCJ 189908.

The I-ADAM in Eight Countries: Approaches and Challenges, Taylor, Bruce,
Progress Report, May 2002, 170 pages, NCJ 189768.

Implementing Telemedicine in Correctional Facilities, Nacci, Peter L., C. Allan
Turner, Ronald J. Waldron, and Eddie Broyles, Research Report, May 2002,
57 pages, NCJ 190310.

Pepper Spray's Effects on a Suspect's Ability to Breathe, Chan, Theodore C.,
Gary M. Vilke, Jack Clausen, Richard Clark, Paul Schmidt, Thomas Snowden,
and Tom Neuman, Research in Brief, December 2001, 8 pages, NCJ 188069.

Perspectives on Crime and Justice: 2000-2001 Lecture Series, Volume V,
Research Forum, March 2002, 86 pages, NCJ 187100.

Reducing Gun Violence: The Boston Gun Project's Operation Ceasefire,
Kennedy, David M., Anthony A. Braga, Anne M. Piehl, and Elin J. Waring,
Research Report, September 2001, 60 pages, NCJ 188741.

Satisfaction With Police--What Matters? Reisig, Michael D., Research Report,
October 2002, 11 pages, NCJ 194077.

Taking Stock: Community Policing in Chicago, Skogan, Wesley G., Lynn
Steiner, Jill DuBois, J. Erik Gudell, and Aimee Fagan, Research Report, July
2002, 28 pages, NCJ 189909.

Toward a Drugs and Crime Research Agenda for the 21st Century, Research
Forum, June 2002, NCJ 194616.

Science and Technology

Guide for the Selection of Chemical and Biological Decontamination Equipment
for Emergency First Responders, Volumes 1 and 2, NIJ Guide
103-00,October 2001, 96 pages (Volume 1), 186 pages (Volume 2), NCJ
189724 and 189725.

Guide for the Selection of Communication Equipment for Emergency First
Responders, Volumes 1 and 2, NIJ Guide 104-00, February 2002, 64 pages
(Volume 1), 422 pages (Volume 2), NCJ 191160 and 191161.

Implementing Telemedicine in Correctional Facilities, Nacci, Peter L., C. Allan
Turner, Ronald J. Waldron, and Eddie Broyles, Research Report, May 2002,
57 pages, NCJ 190310.

Improved Analysis of DNA Short Tandem Repeats With Time-of-Flight Mass
Spectrometry, Butler, John M., and Christopher H. Becker, Science and
Technology Research Report, October 2001, 54 pages, NCJ 188292.

Introduction to Biological Agent Detection Equipment for Emergency First
Responders, NIJ Guide 101-00,NIJ Guide, December 2001, 53 pages, NCJ
190747.

Pepper Spray's Effects on a Suspect's Ability to Breathe, Chan, Theodore C.,
Gary M. Vilke, Jack Clausen, Richard Clark, Paul Schmidt, Thomas Snowden,
and Tom Neuman, Research in Brief, December 2001, 8 pages, NCJ 188069.

Second Annual National Conference on Science and the Law: Summary of
Proceedings, Research Forum, May 2002, 56 pages, NCJ 191717.

Selection and Application Guide to Personal Body Armor, NIJ Guide,
November 2001, 121 pages, NCJ 189633.

NIJ Journal

March 2002, Articles "Prosecutors, Kids, and Domestic Violence Cases" by
Debra Whitcomb; "Preventing School Shootings: A Summary of a U.S. Secret
Service Safe School Initiative Report"; "Tired Cops: The Prevalence and
Potential Consequences of Police Fatigue" by Bryan Vila and Dennis Jay
Kenney; "Trust and Confidence in Criminal Justice" by Lawrence W. Sherman,
44 pages, JR 000248.

Solicitations for Research and Evaluation

Crime Mapping Research: Funding for Spatial Data Analysis, June 2001, 8
pages.

Data Resources Program 2002 Solicitation Funding for the Analysis of Existing
Data, December 2001, 14 pages.

An Evaluation of Services for Trafficking Victims Discretionary Grant Program:
Comprehensive Services Sites, July 2002, 13 pages.

Graduate Research Fellowship 2002 Program, December 2001, 11 pages.

NIJ Less-Than-Lethal Technology Solicitation, FY 2002, February 2002, 11
pages.

NIJ School Safety Technology Solicitation, FY 2002,February 2002, 14
pages.

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2001, May
2002, 34 pages.

No Suspect Casework DNA Backlog Reduction Program, FY 2003, May
2002, 34 pages.

Office of Research and Evaluation 2002 Solicitation for Investigator-Initiated
Research, October 2001, 15 pages.

Paul Coverdell National Forensic Sciences Improvement Act Grants, August
2002.

Science and Technology Solicitation, FY 2002, February 2002, 13 pages.

Solicitation for a Research Partner for the East Valley, California, COMPASS
(Community Mapping, Planning, and Analysis for Safety Strategies) Initiative,
September 2001.

Solicitation for Forensic DNA Research and Development, FY
2002,December 2001, 10 pages.

Solicitation for Research and Evaluation in Corrections, 2001, August 2001, 15
pages.

Solicitation for Research Into the Investigation and Prosecution of Homicide:
Examining the Federal Death Penalty System, July 2001, 16 pages.

Solicitation for Research on Sexual Violence, FY 2002, July 2001, 15 pages.

Solicitation for the Crime Laboratory Improvement Program for FY 2002,
May 2002, 10 pages.

Violence Against Women Investigator-Initiated Research and Evaluation,
November 2001, 17 pages.

W.E.B. DuBois Fellowship Program: NIJ Research Opportunity, December
2001, 15 pages.

------------------

Top 20 NIJ Publications by Number of Paper Copies Distributed, FY 2002

Top 20 NIJ Publications by Number of Electronic Copies Accessed from the
Web, FY 2002

------------------------------

Appendix D: Web Site Statistics in FY 2002

------------------------------

Appendix E: Key Conferences

Sixth Annual Mock Prison Riot, former West Virginia Penitentiary in
Moundsville, May 5-9, 2002, West Virginia. 1,235 attended, representing 33
States and 5 countries.

Third Annual DNA Grantees Workshop, June 24-26, 2002, Washington, DC.
223 attended.

Annual Conference on Criminal Justice Research and Evaluation, "Enhancing
Policy and Practice," July 21-24, 2002, Washington, D.C. 820 attended.

Fourth National Conference on Science and the Law, October 3-5, 2002,
Miami, Florida. 140 attended.

Sixth Annual International Crime Mapping Research Conference: Bridging the
Gap Between Research and Practice, December 8-11, 2002, Denver,
Colorado. 323 attended, including 48 international visitors representing 17
countries.

------------------------------

The National Institute of Justice is the research, development, and evaluation
agency of the U.S. Department of Justice. NIJ provides objective, independent,
evidence-based knowledge and tools to enhance the administration of justice
and public safety.

The National Institute of Justice is a component of the Office of Justice
Programs, which also includes the Bureau of Justice Assistance, the Bureau of
Justice Statistics, the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, and
the Office for Victims of Crime.

Photo Sources: Brand X Pictures, Comstock Images, and Getty Images.

NCJ 200338