A study that assessed discriminatory treatment in the processing of persons accused or convicted of criminal conduct is reported, and data indicating that, despite the overrepresentation of black males in arrest statistics, black males are not overarrested are presented. Further, recommendations on reducing black male involvement in and discrimination by the system are offered. Analysis of black and white young people who have been charged with status offenses is described, and data indicating less formal treatment and less severe disposition for black young people are reported. Additionally, homicide rates for specific race categories in the 55 largest U.S. cities are analyzed, and factors other than the relative size of a city's black population are found to be important in contributing to high homicide rates. Arrest and imprisonment data for native and nonnative Canadians are discussed, and black, white, and Hispanic homicide trends in Chicago are examined over a 17-year period. The extent to which interracial victimization may affect race relations and central city to suburban migration, thereby altering crime trends in urban areas, is explored, and suggestions for studying homicide among the young, black male population are provided. Finally, the importance of race and gender for relations among those working in California's San Quentin Prison is addressed. Approximately 80 references, 23 tables, and 4 figures are included.