Benzodiazepines are frequently prescribed by physicians as a minor tranquilizer. The benzodiazepine drug class alters the perceptual processes associated with decreased efficiency of memory, reasoning ability, learning and the capacity to abstract. Long-term use of benzodiazepines has been reported associated with increased irritability, hostility, and aggressiveness. Psychotic symptoms secondary to the use of benzodiazepines have also been reported, as has depression. Deaths have occurred when patients have taken overdoses of 700 mg of diazepam or chlordiazepoxide. Overdoses combined with alcohol increase the risk of death. Benzodiazepines should be limited to short-term use not to exceed 4 months, and they should not be prescribed for minor distress or discomfort. Given the well-known adverse side effects of benzodiazepines, a standard should be developed and imposed on physicians regarding their use. 59 references.