The report presents a broad definition of victimization that includes environmental hazards as well as street crime. It discusses double victimization as exemplified by institutions or runaway children, along with random victimization such as terrorism. The impact of victimization on individuals and communities is discussed, as is the collection of accurate data on crime. The criminal justice system response to victims is explored from the perspectives of the police, prosecutors, and courts. Arguments supporting restitution and compensation for victims are reviewed, as are compensation standards established by various countries. The report surveys the growth of victim services and victim advocacy movements. An overview of strategies to prevent victimization covers public education about self-protection, target hardening, informal social controls, and community organizations. Basic principles guiding victim assistance are appended.