Following a definition of violence, the context of violence is examined in terms of drive and social learning theories, gender, race, and class; and specific causes of social change, family influences, alcohol and drugs, educational factors, the media, and unemployment. Statistics are presented on murder, rape, assault, and robbery, together with profiles of murderers and rapists and sentencing practices. International and New Zealand crime trends also are reviewed. The impact of violent crime on fear of victimization is discussed, and the criminal justice system response to victims is considered. Victim needs are assessed and available services are described. The role of the community in prevention, rehabilitation, and victim assistance also is considered. Response to violence and violent crime is discussed in terms of the law, factors that influence sentencing and conviction, minimum and mandatory penalties, and treatment. Substantial supplemental information is appended. Figures, tables, and notes.