The conference, sponsored by the Council of State Governments and the National Association of State Personnel Executives, focused on the medical, legal, and administrative problems involved in the drug testing of State and private sector employees. Twenty-two of the papers presented at the conference are brought together in this document. They cover such topics as the State and Federal roles in drug testing; the kinds of tests available for drug testing; the dilemmas for private sector businesses when they carry out drug tests; and alternatives, such as Employee Assistance Programs, to drug testing. Included in this document are legal synopses and examples of drug-testing legislation that has been passed or introduced in the States. References with individual papers.