Research has confirmed that strong linkages exist between autonomy and the interrelated qualities of positive personal identity, self-actualization, internal locus of control, and principled moral reasoning. Among the mental health advantages associated with these characteristics are lower rates of anxiety, depression, alienation, psychopathology, and deviance. The experience of autonomy is critical for identity formation, personal causation, and self-worth. The risks in granting minors autonomy are egocentrism, parent-child conflict, and family privacy and integrity. Relevant studies, based on laboratory experiments, establish that youth in their late teens generally are capable of rational decisionmaking However, this does not guarantee that they will choose consistently with their own interests. Well-designed programs can effectively support minors in their exercise of autonomy and thereby help to increase competence and shape positive perceptions of both parents and youths. 96 footnotes.