Attention has been given to the examination of biological and psychological variables such as hormonal or neurological abnormalities, genetic influences, and hyperactivity. Other studies have examined psychosocial variables, such as family characteristics, social learning, and peer influences. This focus on the individual has increased knowledge and understanding of how violent and aggressive behaviors have been acquired and have implications for identification and intervention. The potential of this approach can best be realized by focusing on those who repeatedly engage in violent and aggressive behavior. A systems approach, based on the family, but including peer, school, and other influences, offers the promise of a more complete understanding with enhanced potential for prevention. It is the potential of a systems approach to provide a context for individual behavior that can ensure that efforts to expand social understanding of violence and aggression are not ignored. Influence, prevention, and control of these behaviors requires knowledge of both individuals and their social systems. 17 references.