The movement has been created by people who generally have no mental health degrees and whose reform efforts predated the involvement of most of the mental health professionals now in the field. The movement began about 15 years ago in response to the rise in the crime rate in the 1960's, the formation of presidential commissions to study crime, the growing awareness of child abuse, the development of State-funded victim compensation programs, and the efforts of women's groups to form rape crisis centers. Fluctuations in Federal funding and dissention within the movement hampered its early efforts. However, former victims became increasingly active and vocal, infusing a sense of purpose and fostering understanding of the psychological effects of victimization. As a result, the years from 1982 to 1986 have been marked by growing public awareness of victim issues and the translation of the ideas of harm, treatment, and rights into tangible reforms. The movement is currently in transition, with the 1984 Victims of Crime Act functioning as a major force for change. It is retaining its emphasis on its grass-roots foundations and on values focusing on helping victims regain control over their lives. The growing professional network of services continues to be influenced by the consumers of the services. Tables, 8 references, and a bibliography listing 8 more sources.