Critical attributes of elder mistreatment encompass physical, psychological, financial, and social dimensions of abuse and neglect. Case studies are cited to demonstrate situations in which critical attributes of elder abuse and neglect are present or absent. As professional attention to elder mistreatment is relatively new, continued progress is warranted in research, theory development, diagnostic instruments, and prevention and treatment strategies. First, however, some degree of definitional precision and consensus needs to be established. Decisions on whether a situation constitutes elder abuse or neglect will depend on the professional's knowledge, skill, and judgment in analyzing the individual situation. 49 references, 1 table. (Author abstract modified)