They focus on legal issues, confidentiality issues, and the risks of transmission in the school, day care, or foster-care setting. Recommendations include making decisions regarding the type of educational and care setting based on the behavior, neurologic development, and physical condition of the child and the expected interactions with others, providing an unrestricted setting for most infected school-aged children, and providing specialized settings for preschool children and some others who lack control of their body secretions, have oozing lesions that cannot be covered, or display behavior like biting. Care providers should be aware of the infection and the modes of possible transmission and should use routine procedures for handling blood or body fluids of all children. Adoption and foster-care agencies should also consider adding HIV screening to their routine medical evaluation of children at increased risk of infection before placement in the foster or adoptive home. Additional recommendations and 11 references.