These problems are due to the recent evolution of thought on punishment from the ideal of rehabilitation to the reality of incapacitation. Standards of living space for inmates are rarely met in prison facilities. Many are operating at full capacity, and some have been operating well beyond capacity. Projections for the future suggest that there is no relief in sight. Some possible solutions to this problem include privatization, where States contract private firms to provide prison programs and services, electronic monitoring of certain offenders which confines them to their homes, and shock probation or "boot camp" for first-time offenders. Two charts and references.