No data exist to show definite trends in sentencing policies for those convicted of drug-related crime. Nor is there clear evidence on the effectiveness of sentencing policies in various countries. Drug legislation and sanctions reflect a nation's socio-cultural and religious values. However, certain trends do indicate that some countries are attempting to rehabilitate rather than punish those convicted of minor drug offenses. There is a limited perception that drug addiction is an illness, although certain countries are increasing penal sanctions for illicit drug use. Some nations are moving toward decriminalizing the simple use of drugs and increasing penalties for drug trafficking. Future activities of the United Nations crime prevention and criminal justice program and the United Nations drug abuse control program are discussed. 20 references. (Author abstract modified)