These have included the creation of non-Native controlled policing services attached to the Royal Canadian Mounted Police and to the provincial police forces in the provinces of Quebec and Ontario. As well, a number of reserve-based Native-controlled police services have been operating in the provinces of Quebec, Manitoba, and Alberta for several years. Evaluations of these programs indicate that the non-native controlled policing services have had only mixed success in developing positive relations between the police and Native communities, while the Native-controlled police services have a much better record at reducing Native conflict with the law and hostility toward the police. The reasons for these results are explored and several key issues in native-police relations in Canada are outlined. 1 endnote, 36 references. (Pubisher abstract)