Justices Stevens, Brennan, Marshall, and Blackmun concurred with the majority in the Brower decision, but did not agree with the majority's dictum that only intentional seizures by police could result in civil rights liability under the fourth amendment. The reasoning of the four justices is presented in detail, and although it does not have the force of law, it is worth careful consideration. The justices point out that a case may one day come before the Supreme Court in which the issue of intent will be critical in deciding whether there has been a violation of the defendant's fourth amendment rights. Therefore, the justices argue, since intent was conceded in Brower, the issue of unintentional seizure liability was not a part of the Brower case, and it may be important at a later date that the Court examine without bias the constitutionality of unintentional seizures.