Worldwide experimentation and experience in the field of drug abuse have proven that no single method can solve the problem but rather a total and holistic response is needed at the micro and macro levels to 1) the epidemiological triad between the individual (host), the drug (agent), and society (environment), and 2) the social, economic, and political realities that predispose, precipitate, and perpetuate the problem. Various modalities of interventions at the micro and macro levels and some influencing parameters are discussed. Figure, 7 references. (Author abstract modified)