The CSC administers 60 institutions, including 45 penitentiaries and 15 community correctional centers, and 72 parole offices. Its total budget in 1988-1989 was $815 million, which included $464.6 million in salaries for 10,482 staff. Canada's population of 25.7 million includes 18.7 million adults, 2.2 million of whom have criminal records. On any given day, nearly 28,000 adults in Canada are imprisoned. This figure includes those confined in Federal and provincial institutions under sentence, remand, or lockup. As of March 31, 1988, 12,049 males and 142 females were incarcerated in Federal institutions. Over one-third of inmates were incarcerated for crimes of violence. More than half were serving sentences of 6 years or less, while 28 percent were serving sentences of 10 years or more. The CSC has initiated several projects to address the needs of native, long-term, female, and mentally disordered offenders. Further, the CSC combines support, supervision, and control to foster the development and maintenance of responsible offender behavior while incarcerated and conditionally released to the community. The CSC's case management process involves four stages, beginning with initial assessment and followed by case planning and programming, conditional release assessment, and postrelease supervision. A major CSC initiative has been to reduce offender substance abuse by implementing complementary enforcement, treatment, and prevention programs. The CSC is committed to the concept that staff-inmate interaction is the cornerstone of good correctional management. 10 tables.