Research in the United States and other nations has focused largely on crime control and has emphasized the management systems approach to the administration of criminal justice. Efforts have also focused on building models like the crime-control model and the due-process model. More recently, Duffey has classified criminal justice systems into seven categories: 1) the Democratic People's Model, the Western Democratic Centralized Model, 3) the Western Democratic Decentralized Model, 4) the Classical Islamic Model, 5) the Contemporary Islamic Model, 6) the Contemporary Composite Model, and 7) the Military Transitional Model. However, criminal justice research and study in India are still limited. Such research should focus on issues like the impact of judicial activism, prison security in relation to inmates' rights, relationships among organizations, organized political and rural violence, dowry abuse, and operational problems of law enforcement. In addition, it should focus on crime causation as well as crime control. 17 references.