What should happen at an ideal trial is discussed and reasons for inefficient trial management are cited. In addition to trial preparation and judicial control at trial, pretrial conferences during which court and counsel discuss issues relating to conduct of the trial or settlement are recommended at an ideal trial. The judge should ensure that both parties have ample opportunity to express their cases while ensuring that evidence, and arguments are focused, efficient, and do not unnecessarily take up court time. The counsel, on the other hand, should cooperate by studying the issues carefully and arguing effectively and efficiently on the clients' behalf.