Economic development has generated massive urbanization and occupational changes worldwide that diminish the cohesiveness of traditional societies. The result is that economic growth is correlated with increasing crime in most societies. In focusing on heightened urban crime rates in eight cities, the case studies describe and compare the pattern and distribution of urban criminal behavior in different cultural settings; social, economic, and cultural structures that may deter or facilitate criminal activity; and crime prevention strategies and programs undertaken by governments or communities. These strategies and programs are evaluated with respect to feasibility, equity, and efficiency. Socioeconomic profiles and crime trends for the eight cities are presented. Particular attention is paid to social control mechanisms that prevent or encourage crime, judicial and correctional systems, police and community participation in crime prevention, and juvenile delinquency. References, tables, and figures