Four chapters provide an overview of hate crimes against lesbians and gay men. They address such crimes nationwide against both gay men and lesbians, against only gay men in New York City from 1984 to 1990, against only lesbians in San Francisco, and against lesbian and gay male youths who sought services at a community-based agency in New York City in 1988. Four chapters on the context of crimes against lesbians and gay men consider the social context of such crimes, the ecology of anti-gay violence, the conceptualization of anti-gay violence, and the characteristics and reporting of hate-motivated crimes. Four chapters on the perpetrators of anti-gay violence address the social psychology of bigotry and "bashing" (psychological heterosexism), the characteristics of juveniles who attack gays, a social-identity analysis of violence against gays, and a profile of "gay-bashers." Five chapters on how to survive and respond to violence against gays focus on the mental health consequences of victimization, victim treatment and service interventions, community response, strategies against hate on college campuses, and how to plan a victimization survey for a gay community. The concluding chapter suggests legislative and policy measures that will counter the "secondary" victimization of gays subjected to anti-gay violence. For individual chapters, see NCJ 134559-67. Chapter tables and references and four survivor stories about the nature and impact of particular anti-gay violent incidents