To be eligible for the Louisiana shock incarceration program, an inmate must have no previous felony incarceration, must be sentenced to 7 years or less and be eligible for parole, and must be recommended by the division of probation and parole, the sentencing judge, and the adult reception and diagnostic center of the State Department of Corrections. The offenders in these samples were classified according to whether they had a legal drug history or whether they had been referred to community substance abuse counseling. The dependent variables used here included three supervision indices and four measures to assess community performance. The results showed no relationship between successful completion of the shock incarceration program and the drug involvement of offenders. During one year of community supervision, drug abusing offenders were more likely than others to test positive for drugs. The total sample of drug-involved offenders was more likely than offenders having only a legal drug history to have one or more arrests and to be jailed or revoked during the year of community supervision. Shock incarceration as a treatment technique had no impact on performance during the year of community supervision. 8 tables, 2 notes, and 35 references