The social interactionist approach is based on four principles: (1) interprets aggression as instrumental behavior, as a means of achieving certain values or goals; (2) contends that aggression is "pushed out" or compelled by inner forces, such as aggressive energy, instincts, hormones, brain centers, and frustration; (3) treats situational and interpersonal factors as critical in instigating aggression; and (4) emphasizes the phenomenology of actors whose values and expectations are important in evaluating decision alternatives. The authors view aggression as instrumental behavior resulting from rational actor choice. In the face of perceived injustice or conflict, actors use aggression and often violence to exert social influence, express grievances, and maintain and enhance desired identities. By examining the social contexts in which aggression occurs, the authors explore why aggression occurs, what it means, and how alternative means of social control can be encouraged. The book is divided into four parts. The first part focuses on the role of social and other forms of control and the use of coercion to express grievances. The second part attempts to link the literature on aggression with the literature on social conflict. The third part examines how individuals legitimize aggressive behavior, while the fourth part addresses violence toward women, including domestic violence and sexual coercion. References