To protect children from further harm, physicians must be equipped to identify the signs and symptoms of abuse and neglect, provide medical evaluation and treatment, take emergency measures to protect the child from further injury, provide an accurate and complete medical evaluation and record, remain objective and professional, maintain a therapeutic alliance with the family when appropriate, secure medical evaluation of other children in the household, report all suspected cases to the proper authorities, and give evidence in court. Physical findings which may be indicative of abuse include bruises and welts, burns, lacerations or abrasions, fractures, abdominal injuries, and central nervous system injuries. These guidelines also discuss physical and behavioral deprivational syndromes, the interviewing process, the physical examination, documentation, reporting requirements, obtaining an order of temporary custody, and risk management.