Data were obtained from face-to-face interviews that were part of an ongoing study of gangs in San Francisco. Interviews consisted of an indepth tape-recorded section used to obtain qualitative data and a precoded schedule of questions used for quantitative purposes. A field observation guide was also used to record information obtained from first-hand observations of gang activities. Findings show that cultural conflict and social factors most influenced deviant behavior. The collapse of traditional family structures promoted a greater tendency to engage in delinquency and to attept to solve adjustment problems through peer groups. Incidences of victimization perpetrated by other ethnic groups, however, were the main catalysts that led to gang membership. The psychological distress caused by victimization from others in the community compelled many youths to join gangs to ensure their personal security. A factor that facilitates continued participation in Asian gangs is the persistent need for protection and the fear of repeated incidents of victimization. Also, the group processes and activities of many Asian gangs foster a degree of psychological and economic dependence on the gang. As the gang lifestyle has less and less to offer the juvenile developing into adulthood, gang participation may cease. 32 references