The article presents the context, purposes, methodology and basic models of penal regulation; international-level penal regulation; and basic models of penal regulations in connection with drug abuse. There are sections concerning penal regulations regarding illegal trafficking of drugs, and illicit drug possession, consumption and production. There are criteria for evaluation of drug quantities and the positions on drug quantities as treated in several countries. Punishments and other measures for illegal drug consumption are enumerated. There is a discussion of drug-related crimes, with specific characteristics of substantive law. There is a detailed presentation of national legal systems as well as criminal sanctions classified by region. One of the report's major considerations is that special legislation on drugs should not disrupt the coherence of the entire system of criminal law and should not depart from the accepted fundamental principle of due process, the safeguarding of the basic rights of the offender in criminal proceedings and the rights of drug addicts in treatment.