The concept of the virtual courthouse can cover many alternatives, ranging from the use of document imaging and remote filing for case processing to the use of a courtroom where the physically separated participants make virtual appearances in an electronically simulated three-dimensional space. Between these extremes are technologies that allow for remote hearings, public access to proceedings, and the use of satellites and telephone lines for subpoenas. The advantages of these approaches include speed and financial savings. Possible disadvantages that must be addressed include the impacts on authenticity, legitimacy, dignity, control, due process, and job satisfaction. Nevertheless, with careful planning and a willingness to experiment, court systems at all levels of government should benefit from the concept of the virtual courthouse without sacrificing good judicial practice.