The tables presented here provide statistics on the rates of intentional homicide, rape, assault, robbery, and theft for the two countries. Both the U.S. and the Soviet Union experienced a decline in homicide during the period between 1981 and 1985, but the rate then increased in the U.S. by nearly 9 percent during 1986, while it fell 14 percent in the Soviet Union during the same year. The U.S.S.R. reported sharp declines in the rate of assault during the reporting period. However, another set of statistics on Soviet crime indicates that during those years, the crime rates actually increased in the U.S.S.R. This article also compares arrest rates between the countries. The results of this survey are historically significant, and will be useful when Russia and the other now- independent republics disseminate more current criminal justice statistics. 2 tables, 2 notes, and 39 references