Other legislation passed by the Knesset between 1989 and 1991 focuses on the protection of minors and vulnerable persons, child sexual abuse, and rules of evidence. The PVF Law addresses violence against spouses, children, siblings, and elderly parents. The petition is usually presented by the victim or by a relative of the victim, who applies to the court for an emergency injunction against the abuser. The court can issue four types of injunctions. It is too soon to determine how effective the law will be in preventing domestic assault. The laws have been publicized mainly by voluntary women's organizations, legal aid officers, and social workers. Police and the courts should become more familiar with the laws, the unique characteristics of domestic assault, and its implications for victims. Footnotes