Included are the Bertillon system versus fingerprinting, the use of prison uniform to aid in inmate identification, cell and cell-door construction improvement, the use of firearms and restraints to control inmates, and the movement to improve prison living conditions. In the early 1900's, the Bertillon system was the most advanced and reliable criminal identification system in use. This system, and other technologies innovative for the time, reflected the movement toward greater professionalism in corrections and brought about significant improvements in inmate management. Emerging technologies designed to attain comparable goals for the correctional institutions of the 21st Century are discussed. 8 references