Drug abuse is a widespread occurrence and a national concern in the United States. During the past decade, the criminal justice system has become overwhelmed with drug-related cases, many of which can be resolved through pretrial diversion programs. Although these programs are generally administered by criminal justice authorities, the role of social workers is becoming more prevalent. Pretrial diversion programs fall into four primary categories: (1) Treatment Alternatives to Street Crime (TASC); (2) drug courts; (3) monitoring/pretrial release/conditional release; and (4) alternative community interventions. Similarities and differences among programs are noted, the extent of social work involvement in pretrial diversion strategies is assessed, and suggestions for increasing social work involvement are offered. 33 references