Intensive Probation Supervision (IPS) has demonstrated its success in reducing prison populations and recidivism among program participants. Used in at least eight States, IPS is an essential element of the complete restructuring of the criminal justice system. Nonetheless, some offenders have to be imprisoned in order to protect the public safety and to preserve the integrity of the criminal justice system. While more expensive than traditional probation, IPS is more cost-effective than imprisonment and sends a clear message about the meaning of criminal punishment.