At a time when drug use is declining for students and those living in stable residential situations, street criminals have dramatically increased their drug use, and most of this increase involves cocaine, a drug clearly associated with violent aggressive behavior. These trends have created interest in new treatment initiatives for drug-abusing criminal offenders, especially because they have occurred simultaneously with three other factors bolstering interest in the wider use of drug abuse treatment: (1) Prison populations started to grow dramatically at the beginning of the 1980s; (2) The spread of HIV and AIDS among drug users, particularly crack and injection drug users, is a large and growing problem; and (3) The one helpful development is that research has convincingly documented the success of compulsory and coerced treatment for drug-involved offenders. Topics discussed in this work include: (1) Drugs-Crime Linkages; (2) Legal Coercion and Drug Treatment; (3) Treatment Alternatives to Street Crime; and (4) Drug Courts and Drug Treatment. Notes, appendixes, references, cases, index, biographical notes about the authors