The analysis used information from a review of available empirical literature, interviews with clinical directors of youth detention centers, an analysis of official statistics and the programs of individual treatment facilities, and data from a sample of 114 youths. Results revealed high rates of emotional disturbance requiring clinical intervention, coupled with low rates of placement in facilities where suitable treatment could be provided. More than half of incarcerated delinquents probably have one or more diagnosable psychiatric disorders. However, corrections agencies have only limited mental health personnel, who can attend only with crisis situations. Although the current system of assigning mental health levels is theoretically sound, it may not be operating as intended. Nevertheless, it is essential to identify and treat mental health problems when they occur in juvenile delinquency. Reference lists and appended study instruments