The FPS provisions of OBRA 1993 authorized new funding for family preservation and family support services. More recently, the Congress has considered several proposals that would incorporate these funds, along with various other child welfare programs, into a block grant program for States. This report describes the condition of child welfare in America that precipitated OBRA 1993, assesses Federal and State efforts to implement its provisions, and highlights areas in which these efforts could be enhanced. The FPS provisions of OBRA 1993 were occasioned by the increased demands on State service-delivery systems ill-equipped to handle the flow of troubled children and families coming to their attention. Although States attempted to stem this tide by focusing on services designed to prevent or remedy family crises that might result in foster care placement, their efforts were often constrained by funding limitations and fragmented service-delivery systems. Early State implementation of the FPS provisions of OBRA 1993 has focused on understanding the law and Federal guidelines, applying for funds, and initiating a comprehensive process designed to culminate in a long-range plan. The Department of Health and Human Services' involvement with the States has been one of partnership through ongoing consultation and assistance. Although activities to implement the new law appear to be on target, there are opportunities to further enhance State efforts to develop a viable plan and monitor results. In particular, States anticipate difficulties in developing various aspects of their 5-year plans, such as identifying useful and appropriate baseline information to use in setting goals, making funding and service decisions, and tracking results. They also expect difficulties in performing their own comprehensive program evaluations, which could help ensure that children and families' needs continue to be met and determine whether intended results are achieved. 9 tables and appended description of scope and methodology, baseline information on existing FPS efforts, and study questionnaires