An estimated 10 to 15 percent of babies born in urban public hospitals in California are addicted to drugs or alcohol. Little attention has been given to the problems these children will experience when they enter school. The neurological implications and the potential for intervention remain unclear. The most immediate needs are to develop cooperative alliances with child care providers, families, schools, and health care professionals in the hope of improving behavior and learning; to study the specific ways in which neurological damage caused by prenatal exposure to drugs is expressed in social behavior and academic deficits; and to conduct research in this area. Another need is for research and implementation strategies to assist teachers. The Los Angeles and Sausalito have responded to the cocaine problem with programs that can offer special assistance for families of drug-exposed children. Photograph