The inappropriate conduct may be criminal or a minor infraction of company policy. Case initiation results from a tip from an anonymous or confidential source or from proactive initiatives such as complaints and incident reports. The guidelines explain the role of the undercover investigator, the use and forms of surveillance, infiltration techniques, and the involvement of law enforcement personnel and agencies. Further sections explain techniques for interviewing suspects and witnesses, evidence collection, the documentation of interviews, rules of evidence that security personnel should understand, the security officer's testimony, the use of internal controls, and documentation and report writing. Checklists and sample materials, case examples, list of related statutes, and table of cases