The chapter discusses the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention-funded intensive juvenile aftercare programming initiative. This research and development program contains four stages: assessing programs currently in operation or under development; developing program prototypes; transferring the prototype into a training and technical assistance package; and implementing and testing the prototype. The chapter also reviews the proposed IAP model, which is driven by an integration of social control, strain, and social learning theories; and examines demonstration sites and testing of the IAP model. A separate section is devoted to other types of promising programs, including institution-based programs, institutional prerelease programs, and community-based aftercare. The chapter suggests the need for multimodal, interagency collaborations to provide services and individualized treatment in response to the array of problems and needs of high-risk juveniles. Figure, references